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To: yarddog
Since Pi is an infinitesimal number there is no exact square root, just as there is no exact number for Pi.

No, it is not infintesimal. It is irrational.

Proof:

Suppose, by way of contradiction, that is rational. Then must also be rational. Thus where a,b Z, b 0. Since , it follows that there exists an M > 0 such that if n M, , or .

Choose an integer N M. It follows then that . Define a polynomial . Expanding the polynomial one finds that , where each is an integer. For integers k such that , one also finds that . Now notice that since and . Now suppose this is true for an integer k, i.e. . Now

.

So the formula is true for all nonnegative integers by the principle of mathematical induction. Now for values of k such that each term in the expansion of and . Now for values of k such that the only term which does not contain a positive integer power of x is the first. This is the case when n=k. This means that , an integer since . It follows then that , also an integer.

Now define another function

.

It now follows that and are both integers and thus that is an integer. Now define . It follows then that

.

.

Now

, and so

. Also

.

Notice that since f(x) is a polynomial of degree 2N, for all x. Thus

. So

.

Now since g(x) is continuous on , and exists on , by the Mean Value Theorem, there exists a c such that . Now , and

. So , and thus

.

.

Since and also 0 < 1-c < 1. Since , it follows that .

It now follows that and so . Since is an integer, there must exist an integer between 0 and 1.

Thereby, reaching a contradiction, the theorem is proved. Q.E.D.

216 posted on 12/08/2001 8:46:35 PM PST by Lazamataz
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To: Lazamataz
You forgot to carry the 1.
219 posted on 12/08/2001 8:51:07 PM PST by MitchellC
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To: Lazamataz
Ouch. My brain hurts.
221 posted on 12/08/2001 8:56:25 PM PST by clikker
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To: Lazamataz
Yeah, well maybe there is an integer in the cheese between 0 and 1 and we just haven't discovered it yet and won't until somebody cuts the cheese.
223 posted on 12/08/2001 9:00:03 PM PST by RightWhale
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To: Lazamataz
AAAAARRRRGGGGGHHHHHH! I don't EVER want to do one of those again!
252 posted on 12/08/2001 10:19:29 PM PST by WIMom
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To: Lazamataz
Huh?
261 posted on 12/09/2001 4:08:54 AM PST by yarddog
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