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Opinion - A realist analysis: This is Zelensky’s war
The Hill via Yahoo ^ | February 27th, 2025 | Andrew Latham, opinion contributor

Posted on 02/27/2025 3:22:02 PM PST by Mariner

The recent public clash between President Donald Trump and Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky has reignited debates about Zelensky’s role in the outbreak of war with Russia. A classical realist analysis provides the best framework for understanding both the conflict and Zelensky’s role in it.

Simply put, the classical realist framework holds that, in an anarchic international system, where no central authority enforces order, states must rely on their own power for survival. It further holds that an important consequence of this reality is the “security dilemma” — a dynamic that emerges when one state’s attempts to enhance its security are perceived as threats by other states, triggering cycles of mistrust and escalation. These systemic pressures, combined with flawed leadership — marked by ambition, hubris and miscalculation — tell us much about how manageable crises can spiral into devastating wars.

The unfolding tragedy in Ukraine provides a powerful case of this dynamic, revealing both the role played by the insecurities of the various players and the role of human agency, especially that of Zelensky, in triggering the war.

Some in the West have elevated Zelensky to the status of a 21st-century Churchill — a wartime leader standing resolutely against tyranny. But this comparison is misleading. Churchill confronted an existential threat from a power bent on global conquest. Zelensky, by contrast, operated in a context where diplomatic alternatives existed. His refusal to take these off-ramps, both before and after hostilities began, reflected a dangerous mix of incompetence, misunderstanding, overconfidence and nationalist fervor. Realism reminds us that while anarchy and the security dilemma create conditions for conflict, it is human agency that often converts these structural tensions into war.

(Excerpt) Read more at yahoo.com ...


TOPICS: Editorial; Foreign Affairs; News/Current Events
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Realism.

Realpolitik.

Realism teaches that great powers act according to interests, not sentiment.

1 posted on 02/27/2025 3:22:02 PM PST by Mariner
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To: Mariner

Flawed assumptions in the article.

He assumes there were diplomatic off-ramps. Where are the diplomatic off ramps when Russia simply kept occupying and violating Ukrainian borders?

Sure, those places had been Russian before. But the borders were in place for 15 years in 2014.

Also, the weakness and ineptness of the Biden presidency was an open invitation to Putin.


2 posted on 02/27/2025 3:43:16 PM PST by marktwain
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To: Mariner

The author’s analysis has a number of flaws. The security dilemma is a problem created by both sides. Putin had as much responsibility to lower the heat as Zelensky. So much of the talk blaming this war on NATO expansion fails to take into account why the eastern European nations were so eager to join NATO. The author also repeats the misinformation that Russia had agreed to withdraw during the Istanbul talks. It did not. There were also other Russian demands during the negotiations that made any agreement impossible regardless of any intervention by Boris Johnson. And finally, the author disregards the other motivations for Russia’s invasion: the long standing desire for Ukrainian lands and the desire to bring Ukraine back under Russian control. This was never completely about the perceived threat of NATO expansion.


3 posted on 02/27/2025 3:51:02 PM PST by Petrosius
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To: Mariner

This war, then, is not merely the result of impersonal structures. It reflects the enduring relevance of classical realism’s emphasis on human nature and the leadership skills of key players. Unlike Churchill, who had no diplomatic alternatives, Zelensky had options.


Churchill had options. The British government, before Churchill, was very close to suing for terms with the NAZIs.

It is difficult to know if the world would have been better or worse if Britain had sued for peace.

There would have been horrible things in the world.

It is easy to imagine a China mostly conquered by Japan, with tens of millions dead.

A Soviet Union conquered by Germany, with tens of millions of dead.

A mostly intact British Empire.

A United States which may not have suffered a Pearl Harbor.

These are all hypotheticals. I think Churchill did the right thing, as difficult as it was.


4 posted on 02/27/2025 3:53:06 PM PST by marktwain
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To: marktwain

The time for Britain to stay out of it was 1914, and let the Germans conquer the Russians, would have saved the world a lot of grief.


5 posted on 02/27/2025 3:54:29 PM PST by dfwgator (Endut! Hoch Hech!)
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To: Mariner
Some in the West have elevated Zelensky to the status of a 21st-century Churchill

He was right about that as Starmer made the comparison recently.

Starmer as I understand took down a portrait of Churchill.

Trump made a point of saying that he had brought back the bust of Churchill for as I remember the SECOND time that had been put away by Biden and Obama bin laden before him.

That was Trump trolling again although a little more subtle than his usual troll job.

6 posted on 02/27/2025 4:01:47 PM PST by Biblebelter
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To: Mariner
End of article:

"In realist terms, domestic politics and international security are interconnected. Nationalist impulses can heighten external threats. Zelensky’s assumption that Western rhetorical support would shield Ukraine from Russian retaliation revealed not only hubris but also a critical misunderstanding of Western strategic interests."

Given out national debt, coupled to state, municipal and county, school district and public university system debts, and considering the massive consumer debt in this nation, our "strategic interests" should be in first healing ourselves.

7 posted on 02/27/2025 4:07:23 PM PST by Worldtraveler once upon a time (Degrow government)
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To: marktwain
The key realist point is completely unmentioned. A Ukraine with nuclear weapons would not have been invaded by Russia. Ukraine gave up their nuclear weapons at the end of the Cold War in return for assurances of territorial security by Russia, the US, Britain, and NATO.

If Ukraine loses and Russia wins, two dangerous lessons to the world will be clear: (1) if you want to be safe, get nuclear weapons; and (2) do not trust security promises from the US, NATO, or Russia.

Does this matter? Only if you do not want more countries in the world to go nuclear for the sake of survival. And just as in a bar in a bad neighborhood, unless management keeps order with hard fists and weapons at the ready, things can go bad quickly. And we are on the cusp of that happening across the world.

8 posted on 02/27/2025 4:26:39 PM PST by Rockingham
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To: Rockingham

Thank you for making the point about nuclear weapons.

Of course, there are complications. But Clinton, Obama, and Biden all made stupid policy decisions which taught world leaders the same lesson: The only real security for independent leaders is in having nuclear weapons, or in depending on another nation for a nuclear umbrella.

The Balkans did not have nuclear weapons. Libya gave up their nuclear program - they were invaded. Ukraine gave up the nuclear weapons tied to the former Soviet Union - Russia refuses to respect their borders.


9 posted on 02/27/2025 4:35:05 PM PST by marktwain
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To: marktwain; Mariner

Another Bolshevik strawman. An entire army of them. The truth is Putin has been murdering Ukrainians who oppose his regime since long before Zelensky appeared on the scene. It is, of course, classical Moscow Kremlin Bolshevism to blame its victims for its crimes. Apparently, Kyiv had a short skirt and deserved to raped by Moscow. Again.


10 posted on 02/27/2025 4:36:49 PM PST by lodi90
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To: Worldtraveler once upon a time

Wrong. Zelensky didn’t have a choice. His choices were and are 1: Have his country violently and genocidally erased from the face earth or 2: Accept whatever aid he can could get and fight from there. There is no door number 3 as long Moscow mass murderers and destroys entire cities to achieve its political policy goals.


11 posted on 02/27/2025 4:43:57 PM PST by lodi90
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To: lodi90
I quoted the article. Speak your "wrong" to the author of the article, Andrew Latham of The Hill.

My overriding concern is the state of debt in our nation, at all levels both public and private.

This nation is about 4 percent of the world's population, and the EU alone is far larger, with all of Europe almost twice as large. It is time for the world's ills to not be laid at our doorstep, expecting us to shoulder yet more of other nations' problems by adding to the debt.

12 posted on 02/27/2025 4:51:32 PM PST by Worldtraveler once upon a time (Degrow government)
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To: Rockingham

“Ukraine gave up their nuclear weapons at the end of the Cold War..”

Sorry about your total head up @$$ notion. Ukraine Never had nuclear weapons.


13 posted on 02/27/2025 5:37:28 PM PST by A strike ("We'd like to know a little bit about you for our files ..)
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To: Rockingham
The key realist point is completely unmentioned. A Ukraine with nuclear weapons would not have been invaded by Russia. Ukraine gave up their nuclear weapons at the end of the Cold War in return for assurances of territorial security by Russia, the US, Britain, and NATO.

That "realist point" was completely unmentioned because it is simplistic at best and false at worst.

1. Ukraine never had any nuclear weapons at the end of the Cold War. They had the physical possession of Soviet-era nuclear weapons that were going to end up in Russian hands under any conceivable scenario after the breakup of the Soviet Union. See items below for more detail.

2. Russia was seen as the successor of the Soviet Union from every diplomatic perspective -- almost unanimously across the world. Russia assumed the permanent seat on the U.N. Security Council formerly held by the Soviet Union. Russia was tasked with dismantling the Soviet nuclear arsenal under the terms of arms treaties previously in place. And Russia took on the task -- at tremendous expense -- of decommissioning obsolete Soviet-era nuclear arms and power plants. They were actually doing Ukraine a favor by dealing with that disaster.

3. There was no way in hell the western nuclear powers (the U.S., the U.K., and France) would ever tolerate another nuclear power in eastern Europe -- especially one as corrupt, dysfunctional, and backward as Ukraine. Those powers would have allowed Russia to retain full control over Ukraine for a thousand years before they'd ever let Ukraine retain a single nuclear weapon from the Soviet stockpile.

14 posted on 02/27/2025 5:55:29 PM PST by Alberta's Child ("Well, maybe I'm a little rough around the edges; inside a little hollow.” -- Tom Petty, “Rebels”)
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To: A strike
Ukraine controlled and de facto owned a large number of nuclear weapons and delivery systems on their territory when the Soviet Union collapsed -- about a third of the Soviet stockpile. With the USSR kaput, Ukraine had them, just as I have and own several Roman coins -- no matter who owned them in the ancient world.
15 posted on 02/28/2025 1:32:15 AM PST by Rockingham
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To: Alberta's Child
Russia conned Ukraine and the West into giving up Ukraine's massive stockpile of nuclear weapons based on false Russian promises to respect Ukraine's territorial integrity. Ukraine could have instead given most of the nukes to NATO for disposal or safekeeping and kept a few tactical devices as a guarantee of Ukraine's security.

As it happens, the US paid for Russia to decommission Ukraine's nuclear weapons, so the expense was on US taxpayers, not a bankrupt Russia. The description "corrupt, dysfunctional, and backward" applies to Russia more so than it does to Ukraine.

Worse than that, the KGB installed Putin into power by a series of staged terror attacks that they blamed on Chechens. The KGB even blew up an apartment building full of Russians for that purpose. Once in power, Putin and his KGB and gangster allies routinely kill or imprison his political opponents. Those are not features of Ukrainian politics.

16 posted on 02/28/2025 1:54:33 AM PST by Rockingham
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To: Rockingham

It’s always amusing to see Russia projected onto Ukraine by those duped by Moscow Kremlin gaslighting. The filth and mass murder of Russkiy Mir isn’t so funny, though.


17 posted on 02/28/2025 2:13:46 AM PST by lodi90
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To: Rockingham
First of all, Russia didn’t “con” anyone. From Day 1 of the dissolution of the Soviet Union, it was understood by all involved that two competing forces were going to be at work in Eastern Europe: (1) The U.S. and U.K. would be pushing to get former Warsaw Pact countries and Soviet republics into NATO, and (2) Russia would be looking to retain control over most of its former republics. This was not a mystery to anyone at the time.

Secondly, you are posting things here that are based on what you think would have been in Ukraine’s best interest. None of that matters. This was never about Ukraine. It was about what the globalist leaders in the U.S. and U.K. wanted in Ukraine. And a Ukraine with even a single nuclear weapon was never an option.

18 posted on 02/28/2025 3:57:00 AM PST by Alberta's Child ("Well, maybe I'm a little rough around the edges; inside a little hollow.” -- Tom Petty, “Rebels”)
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To: Alberta's Child
Russia had no right to dominate or absorb Ukraine after the dissolution of the USSR. In retrospect, that is what Putin and his KGB mentors always intended. Getting Ukraine's nukes and then carving up Ukraine and claiming other former Soviet republics was their plan -- even while they loudly insisted the contrary.

Since Russia is always a bad neighbor, the US and NATO were eagerly sought out for membership or affiliation by former Warsaw Pact members and former Soviet republics. Putin is such a stupid thug that he even managed to drive Finland and Sweden into NATO membership last year. My guess is that Poland will soon build nuclear weapons for potential use against Russia.

Once Putin dies or is ousted, the current Russian Federation may well unravel. Today's Russian Federation is as ramshackle as the Soviet Union was, but without any credible ideological foundation. The Putin and oligarch formula of "Let us steal together" has run its course.

19 posted on 02/28/2025 6:12:18 AM PST by Rockingham
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To: Mariner

Baloney. Z is the puppet of the real perpetrators, who started down the path before they even picked Z as their puppet.


20 posted on 02/28/2025 6:13:32 AM PST by 9YearLurker
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