Who placed the orders and who ordered them?
Managers. Like I said. They have too many managers, but not enough managing. GM people are quoted in that article you pointed to. So we know at least as far back as April GM knew their sedan fleet was going to need a trim. Now here it is November and they’re finally trimming it, except because they have all these parts in the pipe that trim won’t actually fully take effect for another year. That’s just plain bad management. There’s no other way to cut it. They didn’t pay attention to their own numbers and act accordingly.