HEARING BEFORE THE UNITED STATES HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES COMMITTEE ON ENERGY AND COMMERCE
April 11, 2018 Testimony of Mark Zuckerberg Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, Facebook
I. INTRODUCTION
Chairman Walden, Ranking Member Pallone, and Members of the Committee,
We face a number of important issues around privacy, safety, and democracy, and you will rightfully have some hard questions for me to answer. Before I talk about the steps were taking to address them, I want to talk about how we got here.
Facebook is an idealistic and optimistic company. For most of our existence, we focused on all the good that connecting people can bring. As Facebook has grown, people everywhere have gotten a powerful new tool to stay connected to the people they love, make their voices heard, and build communities and businesses. Just recently, weve seen the #metoo movement and the March for Our Lives, organized, at least in part, on Facebook. After Hurricane Harvey, people raised more than $20 million for relief. And more than 70 million small businesses now use Facebook to grow and create jobs.
But its clear now that we didnt do enough to prevent these tools from being used for harm as well. That goes for fake news, foreign interference in elections, and hate speech, as well as developers and data privacy. We didnt take a broad enough view of our responsibility, and that was a big mistake. It was my mistake, and Im sorry. I started Facebook, I run it, and Im responsible for what happens here.
So now we have to go through every part of our relationship with people and make sure were taking a broad enough view of our responsibility.
Its not enough to just connect people, we have to make sure those connections are positive. Its not enough to just give people a voice, we have to make sure people arent using it to hurt people or spread misinformation. Its not enough to give people control of their information, we have to make sure developers theyve given it to are protecting it too. Across the board, we have a responsibility to not just build tools, but to make sure those tools are used for good.
It will take some time to work through all of the changes we need to make, but Im committed to getting it right.
That includes improving the way we protect peoples information and safeguard elections around the world. Here are a few key things were doing:
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II. CAMBRIDGE ANALYTICA
Over the past few weeks, weve been working to understand exactly what happened with Cambridge Analytica and taking steps to make sure this doesnt happen again. We took important actions to prevent this from happening again today four years ago, but we also made mistakes, theres more to do, and we need to step up and do it.
A. What Happened
In 2007, we launched the Facebook Platform with the vision that more apps should be social. Your calendar should be able to show your friends birthdays, your maps should show where your friends live, and your address book should show their pictures. To do this, we enabled people to log into apps and share who their friends were and some information about them.
In 2013, a Cambridge University researcher named Aleksandr Kogan created a personality quiz app. It was installed by around 300,000 people who agreed to share some of their Facebook information as well as some information from their friends whose privacy settings allowed it. Given the way our platform worked at the time this meant Kogan was able to access some information about tens of millions of their friends.
In 2014, to prevent abusive apps, we announced that we were changing the entire platform to dramatically limit the Facebook information apps could access. Most importantly, apps like Kogans could no longer ask for information about a persons friends unless their friends had also authorized the app. We also required developers to get approval from Facebook before they could request any data beyond a users public profile, friend list, and email address. These actions would prevent any app like Kogans from being able to access as much Facebook data today.
In 2015, we learned from journalists at The Guardian that Kogan had shared data from his app with Cambridge Analytica. It is against our policies for developers to share data without peoples consent, so we immediately banned Kogans app from our platform, and demanded that Kogan and other entities he gave the data to, including Cambridge Analytica, formally certify that they had deleted all improperly acquired data which they ultimately did.
Last month, we learned from The Guardian, The New York Times and Channel 4 that Cambridge Analytica may not have deleted the data as they had certified. We immediately banned them from using any of our services. Cambridge Analytica claims they have already deleted the data and has agreed to a forensic audit by a firm we hired to investigate this. Were also working with the U.K. Information Commissioners Office, which has jurisdiction over Cambridge Analytica, as it completes its investigation into what happened.
B. What We Are Doing
We have a responsibility to make sure what happened with Kogan and Cambridge Analytica doesnt happen again. Here are some of the steps were taking:
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Safeguarding our platform.
We need to make sure that developers like Kogan who got access to a lot of information in the past cant get access to as much information going forward.
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We made some big changes to the Facebook platform in 2014 to dramatically restrict the amount of data that developers can access and to proactively review the apps on our platform. This makes it so a developer today cant do what Kogan did years ago.
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But theres more we can do here to limit the information developers can access and put more safeguards in place to prevent abuse.
Were removing developers access to your data if you havent used their app in three months.
Were reducing the data you give an app when you approve it to only your name, profile photo, and email address. Thats a lot less than apps can get on any other major app platform.
Were requiring developers to not only get approval but also to sign a contract that imposes strict requirements in order to ask anyone for access to their posts or other private data.
Were restricting more APIs like groups and events. You should be able to sign into apps and share your public information easily, but anything that might also share other peoples information like other posts in groups youre in or other people going to events youre going to will be much more restricted.
Two weeks ago, we found out that a feature that lets you look someone up by their phone number and email was abused. This feature is useful in cases where people have the same name, but it was abused to link peoples public Facebook information to a phone number they already had. When we found out about the abuse, we shut this feature down.
Investigating other apps.
Were in the process of investigating every app that had access to a large amount of information before we locked down our platform in 2014. If we detect suspicious activity, well do a full forensic audit. And if we find that someone is improperly using data, well ban them and tell everyone affected.
Building better controls.
Finally, were making it easier to understand which apps youve allowed to access your data. This week we started showing everyone a list of the apps youve used and an easy way to revoke their permissions to your data. You can already do this in your privacy settings, but were going to put it at the top of News Feed to make sure everyone sees it. And we also told everyone whose Facebook information may have been shared with Cambridge Analytica.
5 Facebook and Instagram, which were seen by an estimated 11 million people in the United States. We shut down these IRA accounts in August 2017.
B. What We Are Doing
Theres no question that we should have spotted Russian interference earlier, and were working hard to make sure it doesnt happen again. Our actions include:
Building new technology to prevent abuse.
Since 2016, we have improved our techniques to prevent nation states from interfering in foreign elections, and weve built more advanced AI tools to remove fake accounts more generally. There have been a number of important elections since then where these new tools have been successfully deployed. For example:
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In France, leading up to the presidential election in 2017, we found and took down 30,000 fake accounts.
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In Germany, before the 2017 elections, we worked directly with the election commission to learn from them about the threats they saw and to share information.
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In the U.S. Senate Alabama special election last year, we deployed new AI tools that proactively detected and removed fake accounts from Macedonia trying to spread misinformation.
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We have disabled thousands of accounts tied to organized, financially motivated fake news spammers. These investigations have been used to improve our automated systems that find fake accounts.
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Last week, we took down more than 270 additional pages and accounts operated by the IRA and used to target people in Russia and Russian speakers in countries like Azerbaijan, Uzbekistan and Ukraine. Some of the pages we removed belong to Russian news organizations that we determined were controlled by the IRA.
Significantly increasing our investment in security.
We now have about 15,000 people working on security and content review. Well have more than 20,000 by the end of this year.
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Ive directed our teams to invest so much in security on top of the other investments were making that it will significantly impact our profitability going forward. But I want to be clear about what our priority is: protecting our community is more important than maximizing our profits.
Strengthening our advertising policies.
We know some Members of Congress are exploring ways to increase transparency around political or issue advertising, and were happy to keep working with Congress on that. But we arent waiting for legislation to act.
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From now on, every advertiser who wants to run political or issue ads will need to be authorized. To get authorized, advertisers will need to confirm their identity and location. Any advertiser who doesnt pass will be prohibited from running political or issue ads. We will also label them and advertisers will have to show you who paid for them. Were starting this in the U.S. and expanding to the rest of the world in the coming months.
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For even greater political ads transparency, we have also built a tool that lets anyone see all of the ads a page is running. Were testing this in Canada now and well launch it globally this summer. Were also creating a searchable archive of past political ads.
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We will also require people who manage large pages to be verified as well. This will make it much harder for people to run pages using fake accounts, or to grow virally and spread misinformation or divisive content that way.
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In order to require verification for all of these pages and advertisers, we will hire thousands of more people. Were committed to getting this done in time for the critical months before the 2018 elections in the U.S. as well as elections in Mexico, Brazil, India, Pakistan and elsewhere in the next year.
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These steps by themselves wont stop all people trying to game the system. But they will make it a lot harder for anyone to do what the Russians did during the 2016 election and use fake accounts and pages to run ads. Election interference is a problem thats bigger than any one platform, and thats why we support the Honest Ads Act. This will help raise the bar for all political advertising online.
Sharing information.
Weve been working with other technology companies to share information about threats, and were also cooperating with the U.S. and foreign governments on election integrity.
At the same time, its also important not to lose sight of the more straightforward and larger ways Facebook plays a role in elections.
In 2016, people had billions of interactions and open discussions on Facebook that may never have happened offline. Candidates had direct channels to communicate with tens of millions of citizens. Campaigns spent tens of millions of dollars organizing and advertising online to get their messages out further. And we organized get out the vote efforts that helped more than 2 million people register to vote who might not have voted otherwise.
Security including around elections isnt a problem you ever fully solve. Organizations like the IRA are sophisticated adversaries who are constantly evolving, but well keep improving our techniques to stay ahead. And well also keep building tools to help more people make their voices heard in the democratic process.
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IV. CONCLUSION
My top priority has always been our social mission of connecting people, building community and bringing the world closer together. Advertisers and developers will never take priority over that as long as Im running Facebook.
I started Facebook when I was in college. Weve come a long way since then. We now serve more than 2 billion people around the world, and every day, people use our services to stay connected with the people that matter to them most. I believe deeply in what were doing. And when we address these challenges, I know well look back and view helping people connect and giving more people a voice as a positive force in the world.
I realize the issues were talking about today arent just issues for Facebook and our community theyre challenges for all of us as Americans. Thank you for having me here today, and Im ready to take your questions.
Mark, did you write those words yourself, or did your lawyers write them down for ya?
What a tool. Any explanation on how his campaign staffed people with the Obama campaign, and gave them access to the entire database of Facebook?
Anti-Gun Zuckerberg Arrives In D.C. With Fully Armed Security today.
Check this out! Zuckerberg’s donations to politicians on committee to ask him questions! I smell a
I bet you he would love to leave it stop at Trump and the Russians. I sure hope theres some members of Congress of the balls to ask him about Clinton, Obama, the Chinese, etc.
$1,000,002 - Rep Michael McCaul
$500,001 - House Minority Leader @NancyPelosi
$200,002 - Rep Brad Schneider
$150,002 - Rep James B. Renacci
& More
‘And I am sorry...really, really sorry to have been caught.’
He refuses to acknowledge Facebook’s blatant political and social bias. Hell, he practically gloats about it.
Mark Zuckerberg Meets With Top Lawmakers Before Hearings
Mark Zuckerberg, Facebooks chief executive, tried to get ahead of a week of intense scrutiny for him and his company by visiting several top lawmakers in Washington on Monday and reiterating how sorry he was for the social networks failings.
Mr. Zuckerberg, in a dark suit and tie and accompanied by an entourage of aides, held several meetings with leaders of the Senate Commerce and Judiciary Committees.
https://www.nytimes.com/2018/04/09/technology/mark-zuckerberg-facebook.html
Zuckerberg meets with lawmakers ahead of congressional hearings
Facebook chief executive Mark Zuckerberg will hold meetings with some US lawmakers on Monday, a day before he is due to appear at congressional hearings over a political consultancys use of customer data, two congressional aides said Sunday.
https://nypost.com/2018/04/09/zuckerberg-meets-with-lawmakers-ahead-of-congressional-hearings/
In front of which panel will he be delivering this ?
Who on that panel is a White Hat that did NOT taken any money from him?
He needs to be asked on the record to whom did he contribute money.
He needs to be asked on the record with whom he spoke before appearing before this full panel.
Then we need to call the offices of any White Hats to request to get him on the record
What did Hussein’s and H->!’s campaigns do with these data?
Will zuckerberg mention assisting b o’s election in 2012?
I hope one of the Committee not on the FakeBook dole will ask Zuckerberg which members of the committee or their associated PACs or campaigns have received donations from FakeBook.
I didn’t do nuffin’ wrong and I won’t do it again. Now screw you because I invented the biggest thing ever.
And why is that better than the telephone, if you have something to say more important than what your cat eats for breakfast?