[Stosh]

From the article: “For example, the most stable state for amino acids in Nature is individual amino acids, not proteins.”

Actually, I’d expect it’s worse than that - the most stable state for amino acids in a Nature that includes an oxygen-containing atmosphere is as CO2, water and dinitrogen or some nitrogen oxide (which in the absence of life-sustaining processes, where they ultimately end up).

[VanShuyten]

“Why? Nature inexorably proceeds towards “equilibrium” (Chemical Equilibrium), the most stable state. For example, the most stable state for amino acids in Nature is individual amino acids, not proteins.”

And yet for the short time you are alive, you have proteins. Don’t confuse entropy with short-term concentrations of energy and order. When you see that, you can understand how short-term fluctuations over long periods of time can lead to the concentrations of more complex chemicals needed to start life.

And random mutations rarely lead to life-threatening mutations, so a land mammal, over a long period of time, can be an ancestor of an orca.

[BroJoeK]

Stash: " Actually, I’d expect it’s worse than that - the most stable state for amino acids in a Nature... "

Science stipulates that organic molecules are unstable, long term.
The question is how can life sustain & reproduce itself before natural decay kills it?