"But it would be far more efficient to not impose the "environmental" or labor regulations in the first place."
Oh, I think some environmental regulations might be okay, unless you want our children to be living in a toxic stew as the Chinese do.
At some point, enacting further regulations ceases to have any benefit or make any sense ... but the regulators keep on regulating with no regard for the laws of physics.
It would be far more efficient to refrain from imposing those pointless regulations than to impose them and then attempt to offset them with tariffs.
And furthermore, I'll see your Beijing, and raise you an Animas River:
Special festive coloring courtesy of the wonderful environmental regulators at the EPA.