[discostu]

Well yeah, as with anything that involves the universe before humans started taking notes it’s unobserved and therefore we’re guessing based on trace evidence and logic. Until somebody invents a time machine we’re kind of stuck with that for astronomy, planetary sciences, geology, anthropology, paleontology, evolutionary science and a bunch of others.

[wintertime]

And that scenario makes specific predictions that can be tested and verified against the evidence.” ( author of the referenced article)
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It will be interesting to see the predictions “tested and verified against the evidence’.