The Russians can. The S300 or worse the S400 systems can. Everybody needs to take a deep breath before we get a far more direct confrontation than anyone wants.
I don’t think Russia will come out ahead. They’ve got crappy equipment. They MIGHT be able to shoot down Turkish planes, but we already KNOW the Turks can shoot them down. The only real question is is Putin self aware enough to figure out that’s an escalation he’ll lose. I hope so, but I have my doubts. IMHO getting involved in a mid-east situation is always a mistake, so just by taking that first step I have no confidence in Putin. But his losses are starting to mount up already, so maybe he’s on the path to learning. We’ll see.