Free Republic
Browse · Search
News/Activism
Topics · Post Article

Skip to comments.

Ferguson Is the Wrong Tragedy to Wake America Up [groan]
Time Magazine ^ | November 24, 2014 | Professor John McWhorter, Columbia University

Posted on 11/26/2014 8:38:29 PM PST by 2ndDivisionVet

For many, the main lesson of the Ferguson verdict is that Michael Brown would still be alive if he were white — that Darren Wilson’s gunshots were the spawn of the racism always just beneath the surface of the white American soul.

However, in light of what we heard last night, I feel that the Ferguson incident is instructive to America in a larger sense. The key element in the Brown-Wilson encounter was not any specific action either man took — it was the preset hostility to the cops that Brown apparently harbored. And that hostility was key because it was indeed totally justified.

The right-wing take on Brown, that he was simply a “thug,” is a know-nothing position. The question we must ask is: What is the situation that makes two young black men comfortable dismissing a police officer’s request to step aside?

These men were expressing a community-wide sense that the official keepers of order are morally bankrupt. What America owes communities like Ferguson — and black America in general — is a sincere grappling with that take on law enforcement that is so endemic in black communities nationwide. As Northwestern philosopher Charles Mills has put it, “Black citizens are still differentially vulnerable to police violence, thereby illustrating their second class citizenship.”(continued)

(Excerpt) Read more at time.com ...


TOPICS: Editorial
KEYWORDS: blackproblem; blackracism; blacks; blackthugs; darrenwilson; ferguson; mcwhorter; michaelbrown; missouri
Navigation: use the links below to view more comments.
first previous 1-2021-4041-6061-8081-89 next last
To: 2ndDivisionVet
And yes, if the guy lurching back toward Wilson had been white, just maybe he wouldn’t have fired those last shots.

But we do know that Wilson fired the lethal final shots upon Brown coming back toward him. Firing these shots was indeed impulsive;

So after Wilson had already been in a life and death struggle with Brown and Brown starts coming back Wilson should assume that Brown was surrendering rather coming back for more.

At least the author has given up on the initial story of Wilson shooting Brown in the back or with his hands up. Now maybe the author can just read the eye witness testimony that Brown had his head down and was charging at Wilson.

21 posted on 11/26/2014 9:04:50 PM PST by KarlInOhio (The IRS: either criminally irresponsible in backup procedures or criminally responsible of coverup.)
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 1 | View Replies]

To: KarlInOhio

Does this fool have an e-mail address?


22 posted on 11/26/2014 9:11:44 PM PST by RichardW
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 21 | View Replies]

To: 2ndDivisionVet

How about Mike Brown just committed a robbery and he was feeling invincible. He had just strong armed a shopkeeper and knowing this he 1)might get arrested on the way home (Dorian Johnson admitted this) and 2)he strongarmed one person, why not a cop? With 100 percent suspension of disbelief, there is still no way to pin any part of this on Darren Wilson. Mike Brown 1)took cigars 2)pushed shopkeeper 3)mouthed officer 4)slammed door on officer 5)hit officer and reached for gun 6)did not get on ground when ordered 7)charged officer. Case closed.


23 posted on 11/26/2014 9:12:58 PM PST by taterjay
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 1 | View Replies]

To: goldstategop

Well put bro. I couldn’t have put it any better. I worked in a California prison for 25 years. Most of the problems we had (not all) were from black inmates.


24 posted on 11/26/2014 9:13:40 PM PST by Mark17 (So gracious and tender was He. I claimed Him that day as my saviour, this stranger of Galilee)
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 3 | View Replies]

To: 2ndDivisionVet

John McWhorter is usually better than the average black liberal on various racial issues. He misses the boat on this one, though.


25 posted on 11/26/2014 9:14:35 PM PST by PghBaldy (12/14 - 930am -rampage begins... 12/15 - 1030am - Obama's advance team scouts photo-op locations.)
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 1 | View Replies]

To: 2ndDivisionVet

So long as black citizens continue to slaughter each other on a daily basis and commit other violent crimes far out of line with their percentage of the total population, there will continue to be a strong police presence in their neighborhoods. So long as white neighborhoods continue to have mostly quiet, law abiding citizens, there will be minimal police presence in their areas. Cops go where they are needed, not necessarily where they are wanted.


26 posted on 11/26/2014 9:18:05 PM PST by armydawg505
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 1 | View Replies]

To: 2ndDivisionVet

Sounds like a trial balloon (pun intended) for the basis of Holder’s civil rights case.


27 posted on 11/26/2014 9:20:24 PM PST by JGT
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 1 | View Replies]

To: fieldmarshaldj

Certainly white guys have fought cops for their guns and most often times, either the criminal or the cop dies. Does that shock you that a cop would not stop and say, “Hey Mr White Guy, lets be reasonable about this and stop fighting for my gun” or do you just assume he would try to reason with a white gun going after his gun while shooting a black guy doing the same thing?


28 posted on 11/26/2014 9:20:58 PM PST by armydawg505
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 6 | View Replies]

To: 2ndDivisionVet

What makes a Columbia professor of English and comparative literature qualified to decide that those of us who call thugs thugs are “know nothings”?
Bite me, egghead.


29 posted on 11/26/2014 9:29:51 PM PST by tumblindice (America's founding fathers: all armed conservatives.)
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 1 | View Replies]

To: armydawg505

Call me crazy, but once a perp goes for a cop’s gun, it usually doesn’t end well for the perp (be they White, Black or Polka Dot). I just find it incredulous the intellectual (sic) gymnastics these leftists go through to rationalize thug behavior.

I think we should set up an area of about 100 square miles, put all the ferals and their apologists in it and watch the fun begin. Call it the “Thunderdome Republic.” And NONE get to leave if they “win.”


30 posted on 11/26/2014 9:33:47 PM PST by fieldmarshaldj (Resist We Much)
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 28 | View Replies]

To: 2ndDivisionVet
Did this McWhorter screed get lost on the way to the New Republic . . . ?


31 posted on 11/26/2014 9:35:47 PM PST by Olog-hai
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 1 | View Replies]

To: Eddie01

Sounds like a wordsmith owning up to the fact that they are fomenting a race war to increase their sales.


32 posted on 11/26/2014 9:38:35 PM PST by fella ("As it was before Noah so shall it be again,")
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 2 | View Replies]

To: tumblindice

However, in light of what we heard last night, I feel that the Ferguson incident is instructive to America in a larger sense. The key element in the Brown-Wilson encounter was not any specific action either man took — it was the preset hostility to the cops that Brown apparently harbored. And that hostility was key because it was indeed totally justified. <<

Occam’s Razor is pretty specific. The simplest explanation that is the most instructive is the best explanation. The moment the currently deceased person made the choice to commit a robbery and then did it, that action set the stage for his death. Other explanations could possibly have some merit, but are orders of magnitude weaker, as are his. To ignore this is proof that he unaware of the application of rationality or logic. Maybe he is good in a book club discussion? Fiction of course.

DK


33 posted on 11/26/2014 9:43:38 PM PST by Dark Knight
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 29 | View Replies]

To: 2ndDivisionVet
For many, the main lesson of the Ferguson verdict is that Michael Brown would still be alive if he were white — that Darren Wilson’s gunshots were the spawn of the racism always just beneath the surface of the white American soul . . . “Black citizens are still differentially vulnerable to police violence, thereby illustrating their second class citizenship.” {Then we whites must be third class citizens because more whites die white being arrested than blacks] . . . the less committed observer will see the facts piling up and conclude that one can be fully aware of racism’s persistence and yet still feel that the part racism played in Brown’s death is too abstract to qualify as a Selma-style — or even Trayvon-style — teaching moment. We need here Selma, Sanford — we want to make all of America put down their beers and feel this turning point. Again, of course Brown didn’t deserve to die — at all. But we have an urgent and challenging task here. And if so — and, God, it’s very much so — aren’t other deaths that have grieved us more useful in teaching a vast nation of people, with various levels of understanding and concern, that we have a serious problem here?

A good start would be to end the lies. How about trying some impartial truth -- from the federal government itself.

I am not trying to make this a racial thing..
  1. Obama-Holder demagogues have already done that
  2. this is the part backed by federal government facts
  3. .. some may even prove Obama-Holder demagogues right;
  4. -- that's fine with me
  5. it's truth that matters most.


The FBI and other sources of homicide by law enforcement figures below include the majority of all police departments.

The point of this reply is to point out that whites are the most likely to die while being arrested.

The Obama-Holder U.S. Dept. Just Us, the race-grievance industry, and university employees will of course exploit all shootings to the max vis-a-vis race more than any concern for the poor victim.

That is why the facts are being ignored. The ARD data show that whites are more likely to die while being arrested and IMO there is no doubt that some of those deaths were the intention of the police.

But the main point is I bet that policemen don't care about race compared to protecting themselves from being killed or maimed.

U.S. Department of Justice, Bureau of Justice Statistics; Arrest-Related Deaths, 2003-2009 - Statistical Tables

"From 2003 through 2009, a total of 4,813 deaths were reported to the Bureau of Justice Statistics’ (BJS) Arrest-Related Deaths (ARD) program."

Of these, about 6 in 10 deaths (2,931) were classified as homicide by law enforcement personnel, and 4 in 10 (1,882) were attributed to other manners of death.

Table 1 Number of reported arrest-related deaths, by manner of death, 2003-2009

Manner of death 2003-2009 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
All manners 4,813 627 673 689 721 745 629 729
Homicide —by law enforcement 2,931 376 375 377 447 455 404 497
by other persons 27 3 4 4 2 7 3 4
Suicide 541 60 84 82 67 78 76 94
Intoxication 525 83 83 90 76 89 54 50
Accidental injury 272 53 41 47 39 35 28 29
Natural causes 244 26 46 32 34 42 33 31
Unknown 273 26 40 57 56 39 31 24
Note: Due to variation in reporting, caution should be used in comparing counts from year to year. See Methodology for information on missing data by state for each year. Counts may differ from previous publication due to additional information.

Table 5 Number of reported arrest-related deaths, by manner of death and demographic characteristics, 2003-2009

Demographic
characteristics
All manners Homicide Suicide Intoxication Accident Natural causes Unknown
Total 4,813 2,958 541 525 272 244 273
Sex
Male 4,594 2,851 517 490 259 218 259
Female 218 107 24 35 13 26 13
Unknown 1 0 0 0 0 0 1
Race/Hispanic origin
White, non-Hispanic 2,026 1,233 327 178 95 110 83
Black, non-Hispanic 1,529 937 80 217 111 85 99
Hispanic 949 599 110 109 55 29 47
Other* 150 107 12 17 4 4 6
Unknown 159 82 12 4 7 16 38
Age
17 or younger 127 99 6 5 13 0 4
18-24 909 685 80 53 54 10 27
25-34 1,391 893 140 177 65 41 75
35-44 1,238 658 159 190 78 66 87
45-54 752 390 105 84 45 75 53
55 or older 317 188 44 11 12 52 10
Unknown 79 45 7 5 5 0 17

*Includes American Indians, Alaska Natives, Asians, Native Hawaiians, other Pacific Islanders, and persons of two or more races.

To me this shows that it is not a racial thing. It happens to all races. These figures however do not show those thought "murdered" by police. I have not yet located data for recent years. Why can't I find data for recent years? I do not know.. maybe the Dept of Just Us and Race-Grievance Industry don't want it known that whites are the most likely to die being arrested.

More on interracial homicides. TABLE 14 Percent of justifiable able homicides

Race of felon
Race of citizen
who killed felon
Race of officer
who killed felon
Total White Black Other* Total White Black Other*
Total 100% 55% 42% 3% 100% 86% 13% 1%
White 41% 37% 3% 1% 60% 56% 3% 1%
Black 57 17 39 2 38 27 11 --
Other 2 1 -- 1 3 2 -- --

Note: Detail may not sum to total due to rounding. -- Less than 0.5%.

*Other race includes American Indians, Alaska Natives, Asians, Hawaiians, and other Pacifi c Islanders

U.S. Department of Justice, Bureau of Justice Statistics; Homicide Trends in the United States, 1980-2008. Annual Rates for 2009 and 2010

(on Page 33)

RE: The ARD program data that I posted above (first table), it is true that blacks represent about 12% of the national population and that suggests that the figures "prove" discrimination; to wit, there are way too many blacks compared to white majority.

Good point. The same thing ought to apply to the following homicide and other crime data it seems to me.

Expanded Homicide Data
Table 6 data for multiple years.

FBI Homicides Statistics

Year of
Stats
Race of
Victims

Total
White
Offenders
Black
Offenders
Unknown
& other
2012
White
3,128
2,614
431
83
Black
2,648
193
2,412
43
2011
White
3,172
2,630
448
94
Black
2,695
193
2,447
55
2010
White
3,327
2,777
447
103
Black
2,720
218
2,459
43
2009
White
3,518
2,963
454
101
Black
2,867
209
2,604
54
2008
White
3,643
3,036
504
103
Black
3,024
230
2,722
72
2007
White
3,587
2,918
566
103
Black
3,221
245
2,905
71
2006
White
3,709
3,026
573
110
Black
3,303
208
3,034
61
2005
White
3,785
3,150
516
119
Black
3,289
230
2,984
75
2004
White
3,727
3,123
522
85
Black
3,067
228
2,784
55
1995
White
4,954
4,124
699
131
Black
4,764
281
4,422
61

I did not find data for the years 1996 through 2003

www.fbi.gov About Us CJIS UCR Crime in the U.S. Here's the links to most of the FBI tables I referenced above.

Here's 2012

Here's 2011

Here's 2010

Here's 2009

Here's 2008

Here's 2007

Here's 2006

Here's 2005

It is long past the time when facts should be made public to expose the lies and misrepresentations of the Obama-Holder demagogues and the race-grievance industry.

There is a gold mine of facts out there that will expose the lies and misrepresentations of the Obama-Holder demagogues and the race-grievance industry.

That's the way to an honest discussion of race.

Here's a couple of tables from the FBI new NIBRS (National Incident-Based Reporting System) that also show truth.

Please note that the last four columns of the Offender Table are my additions.. THEY ARE NOT PART OF THE FBI TABLES. I just want to make that clear.

To me the dearth of white offenders vis-a-vis white victims is significant.

Compare that to the dearth of black victims vis-a-vis the surplus of black offenders. Who are the victims of that surplus?

My guess is that there is a connection between the surplus of black offenders and the surplus of white victims (compared to white offenders).

The links immediately following are U.S. Department of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, Bureau of Justice Statistics Criminal Victimization in the United States, [YYYY] Statistical Tables and their Table 42: "Percent distribution of single-offender victimizations, by type of crime, race of victim, and perceived race of offender" show an inordinate amount of black-on-white crime in some crime categories. I have to emphasis that Statistical Tables' data are based upon surveys, they are not FBI/police crime figures. However since 2009 Table 42 data are no longer made public that I can find. If those data are being hidden then the Obama-Holder federal government is not very impartial.

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

Now back to the FBI data and tables

www.fbi.gov, Victims' Race
by Offense Category, 2012

Offense Category "Total Victims1" White Black "American Indian or
Alaskan Native"
"Asian/Pacific
Islander"
"Unknown Race"
Total 4,332,695 3,156,006 901,159 22,326 50,615 202,589
Crimes Against Persons 1,327,863 893,984 374,220 11,133 10,072 38,454
Assault Offenses 1,228,498 820,215 354,624 10,126 9,274 34,259
Homicide Offenses 3,943 1,885 1,940 22 34 62
Kidnapping/Abduction 15,797 10,946 4,059 162 181 449
Sex Offenses, Forcible 73,132 55,876 12,569 743 546 3,398
Sex Offenses, Nonforcible 6,493 5,062 1,028 80 37 286
Crimes Against Property 3,004,832 2,262,022 526,939 11,193 40,543 164,135
Arson 12,300 7,816 2,706 48 109 1,621
Bribery 250 197 35 3 2 13
Burglary/Breaking & Entering 538,561 402,371 106,177 1,776 7,124 21,113
Counterfeiting/Forgery 39,203 30,973 4,335 166 509 3,220
Destruction/Damage/Vandalism 660,184 485,374 129,772 2,791 8,657 33,590
Embezzlement 3,654 3,053 364 11 38 188
Extortion/Blackmail 1,207 902 221 3 28 53
Fraud Offenses 216,429 163,449 34,812 530 3,010 14,628
Larceny/Theft Offenses 1,262,354 992,072 177,229 4,752 16,507 71,794
Motor Vehicle Theft 159,295 106,661 39,588 621 2,057 10,368
Robbery 81,554 47,647 29,138 396 2,155 2,218
Stolen Property Offenses 29,841 21,507 2,562 96 347 5,329
1 This table includes only individual (person) victims and does not include business, financial institution, government, religious organization, or other victims. Victims are counted once for each offense type to which they are connected.

www.fbi.gov, Offenders' Race
by Offense Category, 2012

Offense Category "Total Victims1" White Black "American
Indian or
Alaskan
Native"
"Asian/
Pacific
Islander"
"Unknown
Race"
Number of
white victims
vs.
number of
white offenders
Number of
black victims
vs.
number of
black offenders
Total 4,556,183 2,574,105 1,261,337 39,967 29,895 650,879
Crimes Against Persons 1,297,153 768,147 452,877 12,905 9,718 53,506 125,837 -78,657 1.16 0.83
Assault Offenses 1,199,433 706,529 425,744 11,963 8,899 46,298 113,686 -71,120 1.16 0.83
Homicide Offenses 4,465 1,798 2,232 29 27 379 87 -292 1.05 0.87
Kidnapping/Abduction 16,328 9,432 5,890 178 150 678 1,514 -1,831 1.16 0.69
Sex Offenses, Forcible 70,441 45,694 17,745 650 593 5,759 10,182 -5,176 1.22 0.71
Sex Offenses, Nonforcible 6,486 4,694 1,266 85 49 392 368 -238 1.08 0.81
Crimes Against Property 2,361,079 1,180,180 572,430 18,083 13,504 576,882 1,081,842 -45,491 1.92 0.92
Arson 10,827 5,796 2,124 71 45 2,791 2,020 582 1.35 1.27
Bribery 412 298 94 5 4 11 -101 -59 0.66 0.37
Burglary/Breaking & Entering 316,477 135,148 67,924 1,615 1,188 110,602 267,223 38,253 2.98 1.56
Counterfeiting/Forgery 68,197 41,299 16,845 317 488 9,248 -10,326 -12,510 0.75 0.26
Destruction/Damage/Vandalism 434,796 210,310 97,822 3,270 2,313 121,081 275,064 31,950 2.31 1.33
Embezzlement 18,520 12,548 4,881 56 136 899 -9,495 -4,517 0.24 0.07
Extortion/Blackmail 1,180 657 316 2 22 183 245 -95 1.37 0.70
Fraud Offenses 173,359 92,094 37,757 903 1,178 41,427 71,355 -2,945 1.77 0.92
Larceny/Theft Offenses 1,100,592 587,178 244,545 10,043 6,837 251,989 404,894 -67,316 1.69 0.72
Motor Vehicle Theft 85,909 37,404 18,213 858 450 28,984 69,257 21,375 2.85 2.17
Robbery 105,005 26,173 70,039 483 468 7,842 21,474 -40,901 1.82 0.42
Stolen Property Offenses 45,805 31,275 11,870 460 375 1,825 -9,768 -9,308 0.69 0.22
Crimes Against Society 897,951 625,778 236,030 8,979 6,673 20,491 -625,778 -236,030
Drug/Narcotic Offenses 790,828 566,888 194,224 8,351 5,453 15,912 -566,888 -194,224
Gambling Offenses 2,320 873 1,230 11 113 93 -873 -1,230
Pornography/Obscene Material 5,962 4,691 659 24 36 552 -4,691 -659
Prostitution Offenses 12,182 7,248 4,199 52 373 310 -7,248 -4,199
Weapon Law Violations 86,659 46,078 35,718 541 698 3,624 -46,078 -35,718
1Does not include 1,741,162 incidents with Unknown Offenders. Offenders are counted once for each offense type to which they are connected.
34 posted on 11/26/2014 10:00:00 PM PST by WilliamofCarmichael (If modern America's Man on Horseback is out there, Get on the damn horse already!)
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 1 | View Replies]

To: 2ndDivisionVet

I’ll say it in all caps. THE BLACK PROBLEM IS NOT MY PROBLEM.


35 posted on 11/26/2014 10:00:28 PM PST by Dallas59
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 1 | View Replies]

To: 2ndDivisionVet

The problem here that nobody wants to point out of a fear of being labelled a racist is that the culture these people grow up in is completely screwed up. Police do not end up going after these black guys more than white guys because they are racist, anymore than the police arrest more men than women because they are sexist. Why are blacks disproportionately incarcerated? Its because they commit more crime.

Despite making up less than 15% of the US population, blacks commit for 55% of all robbery, 49% of all murder and more than a 1/3 of all rape. (Source: FBI crime database)

Young black men kill 14X more than young white men. (Source: Time Magazine)

Even when controlling for socio-economic status, black still show disproportionately higher crime rates. Even blacks from richer backgrounds have higher rates of violent crimes than poor whites. (Source: Harvard study of racial disparity in crime)

Blacks accounted for nearly 50% of all homicide victims in the U.S, and 93% of these victims are killed by other blacks. (Source: US Department of Justice)

Black males, which account for only 6% of the US population, commit 1 in every 3 rapes in America. Black men rape thousands of white women every year.

While neighborhoods with high levels of poverty and high unemployment do have a weak correlation with crime rate, the strongest correlation with crime is the percentage of blacks within a neighborhood.

So what’s my point? Are facts racist? Its that these stereotypes did not appear out of thin air. Blacks are not targeted by the police because the police hate non-whites, if that was true than Asians or Indians would be just as targeted. But they aren’t because they don’t have anywhere near the crime rates of blacks. And that comes from a culture that glorifies crime and sees being educated and intellectually engaged in a negative way, they call it “acting white”.

Its the exact same reason the police arrest and kill a lot more men than women. Not because the police are sexist towards men, but because men commit disproportionately more crime and murder then women.


36 posted on 11/26/2014 10:19:21 PM PST by Dallas59
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 1 | View Replies]

To: 2ndDivisionVet
For many, the main lesson of the Ferguson verdict is that Michael Brown's would still be alive shooting would never have made local headlines (outside the usual police blotter news briefs) if he were white
37 posted on 11/26/2014 11:31:47 PM PST by a fool in paradise (Shickl-Gruber's Big Lie gave us Hussein's Un-Affordable Care act (HUAC).)
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 1 | View Replies]

To: 2ndDivisionVet
What is the situation that makes two young black men comfortable dismissing a police officer’s request to step aside? These men were expressing a community-wide sense that the official keepers of order are morally bankrupt.

Is that why black and hispanic youths walk out midblock into oncoming traffic (practically playing chicken with their friends)? Because drivers like myself are "corrupt?

Or is it because of a sense of disrespect for society in general?

38 posted on 11/26/2014 11:34:10 PM PST by a fool in paradise (Shickl-Gruber's Big Lie gave us Hussein's Un-Affordable Care act (HUAC).)
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 1 | View Replies]

To: KeyLargo
I read that Michael's stepfather called for the crowd to riot by committing arson.

What's Michael's baby-daddy's position been through all of this?

39 posted on 11/26/2014 11:38:09 PM PST by a fool in paradise (Shickl-Gruber's Big Lie gave us Hussein's Un-Affordable Care act (HUAC).)
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 17 | View Replies]

To: a fool in paradise

Bummer has solved the problem of black rage with amnesty. the Mexican and central American gangs will fight against the black thug gangs in the ghettos. No need for white evil police, hispanics will take care of that.

And the high politicos and the reality show afficiandos will be able to enjoy our own American Hunger Games.

Bummer didn’t really want to grant amnesty to a bunch of folks whom he disdains, just wants to use them to clean up a bunch of his own sons.

Popcorn for us I suppose and champagne for the elite boxes in DC.


40 posted on 11/26/2014 11:42:04 PM PST by angry elephant (Endangered species in Seattle)
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 38 | View Replies]


Navigation: use the links below to view more comments.
first previous 1-2021-4041-6061-8081-89 next last

Disclaimer: Opinions posted on Free Republic are those of the individual posters and do not necessarily represent the opinion of Free Republic or its management. All materials posted herein are protected by copyright law and the exemption for fair use of copyrighted works.

Free Republic
Browse · Search
News/Activism
Topics · Post Article

FreeRepublic, LLC, PO BOX 9771, FRESNO, CA 93794
FreeRepublic.com is powered by software copyright 2000-2008 John Robinson