There's no doubt that a High Altitude EMP would be most effective, but a detonation at only 40,000 feet could devastate an area several hundred miles wide. A radius of 120 miles from Philadelphia includes Washington, Baltimore and New York City. If successfully detonated, that's enough to bring the USA to a grinding halt.
That's true. I just thought that terrorists and/or third world countries with limited resources (compared to us) would prefer a bigger bang for the effort. Why cripple a small percentage of the country, when, with a little more effort, you could cripple an area vastly larger?
I imagine that any surviving countries, if their leaders had half a brain, after seeing what happened to us, would completely obliterate any country suspected of being involved in the attack.