Curbing military bases may be a laudable goal. However, if it compromises our national defense, then the answer is no. Defense spending as a percent of the overall budget is approaching pre-ww II levels which IMO is not good. I agree about farm subsidies. The federal government should not be in the business of giving out farm subsidies just like any other subsidy. As for federal highways, well that’s one I would have to see some more debate on. I would say that the federal government does have a role in interstate highways.
All of this is small potatoes in the overall budget. The big piece of the budget is medicaid, medicare and social security. Until we tackle these three big issues, we won’t get anywhere with getting our budget under control.
A lot of older people retire to no or low tax states, many red, to escape the high cost of living in blue states.
As for defense, you put the bases where you have the space, the land is cheapest and the location is suitable. I would guess that would be mostly red states.
And finally, like you, I'm not sure how interstate highways are "distributed" and "traveled" (wear and tear) to account for the allocations.
I think most posters here agree, it doesn't matter where the money comes from or goes geographically, it is too much and mostly unconstitutional.