Spies for allies do time and/or expatriation. They never get executed. The Rosenbergs were executed.
A pact with the Nazis in 1941 did NOT make the US an enemy of the USSR, we didn’t go to war with the Nazis ourselves until after the USSR did.
When did Popes start objecting to the death penalty? That really started only recently, with the papacy of Pope John Paul II in 1978. Before then, historically, the Catholic Church supported the death penalty in appropriate cases.
1. As to Pope Pius,we are a secular nation. Popes. Imams or Rabbis do not have any special credibility when it comes to a jury determining whether someone should be put to death.As a Catholic, I do resent when Popes think they can substitute their judgement for a jury or legislature.
2. If someone were caught selling nuke secrets to our “ally” in the terror war, Pakistan, whom we supply with 3 billion a year in aid, they need to be treated harshly.
3. The Rosenbergs may have started their little cabal party when the Soviet was not viewed as a threat but they were supplying secrets as late as 1948 when the Soviets were indeed a threat although nominally we did not call them an enemy.They had already taken over Eastern Europe and just as with our “ally” Pakistan, I would expect them to be dealt with more harshly than if they spied for a real ally like Britain. Also, there is no evidence that they would have stopped spying even if we formally entered the cold war which was in its incipient stages.