[Red_Devil 232]

So this opens up an appeal to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Armed Forces, the highest military court, which is composed of five civilians.

[Red Steel]

After the Convening Authority review the findings...

The first level of appellate review, the US Army Court of Criminal Appeals, is an automatic appeal, unless waived by the accused.

[Lurking Libertarian]

So this opens up an appeal to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Armed Forces, the highest military court, which is composed of five civilians.

I am not a military lawyer, but my understanding is that the appeal is to the Army Court of Criminal Appeals, a military court. If that court affirms the conviction, he can ask the CAAF to review the conviction, but that court has discretion to take the case or not.