Seems to me a scanner of some sort would be in order -
something that would detect GPS and cell phone signals at short range so that you could scan your car for such devices...
They make those as well, but most trackers are either passive - they record GPS travels, then the device is retrieved later and the info downloaded - which means nothing is detectable, or they use cell phone technology, which only broadcasts in short bursts infrequently, also very hard to detect with a scanner or spectrum analyzer.
Seems to me the real answer is the 9th Circus should have ruled that a warrant was required to install any tracking device, just as a warrant is required for a wire tap, a home search, or retrieval of phone or internet records.
Clowns.