Can States rights overrule this bill?
Yes, many states will reject this bill.
That is the ever-present question surrounding the 10th Amendment. But, don't hold your breath waiting for a Court to invoke the 10th.
Still, there will be plenty of states who will sue, on this principle, and plenty of others.
Georgia tried today. The State Republicans put forth a bill to allow an out for Georgians and the Georgia Democrats voted it out.