That is the ever-present question surrounding the 10th Amendment. But, don't hold your breath waiting for a Court to invoke the 10th.
Still, there will be plenty of states who will sue, on this principle, and plenty of others.
If it passes, we can hope and pray it’ll be held up in courts for years. Can they still tax us on it though?
The states can always call for a constitutional convention if enough ratify the action.
That would be enough to deal this down for good no matter what SCOTUS says.