I'd say you are more than a bit biassed. Carriers have proven their worth repeatedly. The significant advantage of the carrier is that they can deploy air power to remote LAND areas and support their ops there. Land-based aircraft simply cannot do that. And I would certainly HOPE that "the USAAF shouldered a fair bit more of the combat burden", because they have more planes and more pilots.
I am a submarine officer, and the value and the power projection that carriers bring cannot be understated. Submarines can control the seas almost entirely alone, but a carrier battle group as we have seen can take the war deep into enemy territory like we have in Afghanistan, when the ENTERPRISE launched the aircraft responsible for punishing the AQ and the Taliban.