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Did Speculation Fuel Oil Price Swings?
CBS 60 Minutes ^ | 1/13/09

Posted on 01/14/2009 6:22:10 AM PST by marshmallow

(CBS) About the only economic break most Americans have gotten in the last six months has been the drastic drop in the price of oil, which has fallen even more precipitously than it rose. In a year's time, a commodity that was theoretically priced according to supply and demand doubled from $69 a barrel to nearly $150, and then, in a period of just three months, crashed along with the stock market.

So what happened? It's a complicated question, and there are lots of theories. But as correspondent Steve Kroft reports, many people believe it was a speculative bubble, not unlike the one that caused the housing crisis, and that it had more to do with traders and speculators on Wall Street than with oil company executives or sheiks in Saudi Arabia.

To understand what happened to the price of oil, you first have to understand the way it's traded. For years it has been bought and sold on something called the commodities futures market. At the New York Mercantile Exchange, it's traded alongside cotton and coffee, copper and steel by brokers who buy and sell contracts to deliver those goods at a certain price at some date in the future.

It was created so that farmers could gauge what their unharvested crops would be worth months in advance, so that factories could lock in the best price for raw materials, and airlines could manage their fuel costs. But more than a year ago those markets started to behave erratically. And when oil doubled to more than $147 a barrel, no one was more suspicious than Dan Gilligan.

As the president of the Petroleum Marketers Association, he represents more than 8,000 retail and wholesale suppliers, everyone from home heating oil companies to gas station owners.

(Excerpt) Read more at cbsnews.com ...


TOPICS: Business/Economy; News/Current Events
KEYWORDS: energy; fueloil
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"Approximately 60 to 70 percent of the oil contracts in the futures markets are now held by speculative entities. Not by companies that need oil, not by the airlines, not by the oil companies. But by investors that are looking to make money from their speculative positions," Gilligan explained. Gilligan said these investors don't actually take delivery of the oil. "All they do is buy the paper, and hope that they can sell it for more than they paid for it. Before they have to take delivery."

And mostly financed with Lehman money, according to one school of thought. When Lehman cratered, so did the price of oil.

1 posted on 01/14/2009 6:22:11 AM PST by marshmallow
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To: marshmallow

Do polar bears crap on ice bergs?............


2 posted on 01/14/2009 6:27:14 AM PST by Red Badger (I was sad because I had no shoes to throw, until I met a reporter who had no feet.....)
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To: Red Badger

Is the pope German?


3 posted on 01/14/2009 6:28:12 AM PST by RexBeach
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To: marshmallow

Congress’ policy of restricting domestic supply certainly helped in keeping expectations of Peak Oil and international political supply disruptions in the fore-front of expectations. Speculation in driving the price up eventually causes its own downfall through either driving demand down and supply up or in eventually having the “truth” become public knowledge.


4 posted on 01/14/2009 6:29:08 AM PST by Paladin2 (No, pundits strongly believe that the proper solution is more dilution.)
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To: marshmallow

So what? What do you want to replace the free market with?


5 posted on 01/14/2009 6:30:30 AM PST by DManA
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To: Red Badger
“Do polar bears crap on ice bergs?............”

Well said Red Bager. Speculation is a component of all markets - that are not government controlled that is...

6 posted on 01/14/2009 6:31:54 AM PST by snoringbear (Government is the Pimp,)
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To: marshmallow

The New York Mercantile Exchange is not the only place on the planet where oil futures are traded.


7 posted on 01/14/2009 6:32:04 AM PST by csmusaret (Call any Congresscritter at 1-877-762-8762. Tell them what you think.)
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To: RexBeach

Is the Pope Catholic?


8 posted on 01/14/2009 6:32:49 AM PST by GOP_Lady
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To: DManA

It’s not a “free market” when losses are made whole by the taxpayer.


9 posted on 01/14/2009 6:35:11 AM PST by Notary Sojac
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To: marshmallow
And mostly financed with Lehman money, according to one school of thought. When Lehman cratered, so did the price of oil.

Lehman operated at 30 to 1 leverage ...
Blame easy money from the Fed Reserve and zero regulation of OTC derivatives

Lehman was never that big but blame them 20% is my guess
Russians and Iranians also had an interest in jacking the oil price

10 posted on 01/14/2009 6:37:53 AM PST by dennisw (On the thirty first floor a gold plated door won't keep out the Lord's burning rage ---FBB)
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To: marshmallow

Does Howdy-Doody have a wooden butt?


11 posted on 01/14/2009 6:37:59 AM PST by SueRae
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To: marshmallow
Did Speculation Fuel Oil Price Swings? Well, DUH.

Here's what I was posting back in May 2008. Rather prescient if I do say so myself.


12 posted on 01/14/2009 6:38:59 AM PST by Nervous Tick (I've left Cynical City... bound for Jaded.)
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To: Notary Sojac

So far that doesn’t happen in the oil market. But yes, they (kind of ) know what they want to replace free markets with. It won’t be pretty.


13 posted on 01/14/2009 6:39:08 AM PST by DManA
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To: snoringbear
Speculation is a component of all markets

You're correct of course. But don't you think there is a line to be drawn somewhere between betting and investing? What do you call it when pension funds place multi-million dollar bets on short term swings in commodity prices? Is this investing for the long term interests of the pensioners?

14 posted on 01/14/2009 6:39:34 AM PST by trad_anglican
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To: marshmallow; All

I am frankly starting to get really angry.

Despite oil falling for days, gas didn’t budge.

Then it increased only a few cents yesterday and gas goes up five cents.

Ridiculous.

I want every single oil company bankrupt, OPEC officials all arrested....

They are all crooks.


15 posted on 01/14/2009 6:39:34 AM PST by rwfromkansas ("Carve your name on hearts, not marble." - C.H. Spurgeon)
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To: Nervous Tick

Good call. Congrats.


16 posted on 01/14/2009 6:39:59 AM PST by DManA
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To: TigerLikesRooster

Asked who was buying this “paper oil,” Masters told Kroft, “The California pension fund. Harvard Endowment. Lots of large institutional investors. And, by the way, other investors, hedge funds, Wall Street trading desks were following right behind them, putting money - sovereign wealth funds were putting money in the futures markets as well. So you had all these investors putting money in the futures markets. And that was driving the price up.”

In a five year period, Masters said the amount of money institutional investors, hedge funds, and the big Wall Street banks had placed in the commodities markets went from $13 billion to $300 billion. Last year, 27 barrels of crude were being traded every day on the New York Mercantile Exchange for every one barrel of oil that was actually being consumed in the United States.


17 posted on 01/14/2009 6:41:18 AM PST by dennisw (On the thirty first floor a gold plated door won't keep out the Lord's burning rage ---FBB)
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To: marshmallow
I am becoming tin-foil convinced that the runup on commodity futures and prices was a systematic looting.

Everyone knew the pyramid scheme based on constant expansion could not last. When things like mortgage derivatives began to smell bad, everyone said, "GET IT NOW ONE LAST TIME!"

My business is sensitive to the price of metals like copper and tin. Tin peaked at $25,000 a ton last Summer. It is now around 11,000.

Things like gasoline peaking in tourist season can only arouse suspicion.

I just got a call from a broker a few days ago regarding gold.

Well, not REALLY gold. PAPER that would say I had gold, and that I was enough of an idiot to Buy High.

They never stop trying. There is still a little stringy flesh left on the corpse...Let's get the rest of it.

18 posted on 01/14/2009 6:41:27 AM PST by Gorzaloon (Roark, Architect.)
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To: DManA
So what? What do you want to replace the free market with?

"The free market" is a myth. There's no such thing as a completely free market. That's why we have the SEC for instance, ineffective though it is.

There are already regulations governing how markets function.

After we sift through the ashes of the current mess, there'll likely be a few more.

19 posted on 01/14/2009 6:42:02 AM PST by marshmallow ("A country which kills its own children has no future"- Mother Teresa of Calcutta)
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To: rwfromkansas

Despite oil falling for days, gas didn’t budge.

In fact it went up a little bit. I’ve been running on empty for a couple of days waiting for it to come down.


20 posted on 01/14/2009 6:42:14 AM PST by DManA
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