“NAWS” data revealed that most farmworkers (81 percent) were foreign born, a 1990s demographic change in rural areas known as “Latinization.” Migrant farmworkers were more likely to be foreign born (nine out of ten) relative to nonmigrants (only two thirds). More than half of farmworkers (52 percent) were unauthorized workers, and only 22 percent were citizens. Of the work-authorized farmworkers, 40 percent were citizens by birth; the rest acquired residence under the special agricultural worker program, family reunification programs, or other legal immigrant channels (Mehta et al., 2000).
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[source: ericdigests.org]
I seem to remember that most of the farm labor upstate and in South Jersey back in the 1980s was done by Carribbean immigrants and, to a lesser extend, Puerto Rican migrants. The last white American migrant farm laborer in these parts probably retired 100 years ago.