Now there's a real chicken and the egg conundrum for ya'....
Not really. Countries are rich or poor for a variety of reasons, having to do with culture, geography, access to resources, and even random dumb luck (in the sense that a great man can make or destroy a country).
I don't think that South Korea was desperately poor 50 years ago because Koreans were innately stupid, any more than South Korea is wealthy these days because Koreans are innately intelligent.