Posted on 03/29/2007 5:37:34 PM PDT by Jedi Master Pikachu
In a classic scene from the 1977 movie, the hero gazes into the distance as two yellow suns set on the horizon. Nasa's Spitzer Space Telescope has found that planetary systems are as common around double stars as they are around single stars, like our own Sun. Details of the research have been published in the Astrophysical Journal.
In the study, a team of researchers used an infrared camera on the Spitzer telescope to search for so-called dusty discs around binary, or double, stars. Dusty discs are made from the leftover debris of planet formation.
"We knew the stars would be there, the question was whether there was a planet to be the place where you could stand and see these sunsets," said Karl Stapelfeldt, a scientist at Nasa's Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) in Pasadena, California. "The inference is getting stronger now that there must be such planets based on what Spitzer has found." The presence of planets in dusty discs is thought likely, but is by no means certain.
"In our Solar System, asteroids collide with each other and produce showers of dust and that is, we assume, what we're seeing in these other discs - the dust produced by the collision of two bigger bodies," lead author David Trilling, from the University of Arizona, told BBC News. "We can infer that there are bigger bodies like asteroids. The next logical leap is that if there are processes that formed these bigger bodies like asteroids, those same processes may also have formed planets."
The team looked for dusty discs in 69 binary systems between about 50 and 200 light-years away from Earth. The data show that about 40% of double systems had dusty discs - slightly higher than the frequency for a similar sample of single stars. This finding suggests that planetary systems are at least as common around these binary stars as they are around single stars like our Sun.
In systems where stars are 50-500 astronomical units (50-500 times the distance from the Earth to the Sun) apart, dusty discs circle one of the pairs of stars. Close-knit stars But the researchers found no discs in binary systems where stars were 3-50 astronomical units (AU) apart. In these double systems, Dr Trilling suggests, gravitational forces may kick debris out into deep space, preventing the formation of planets.
When the team looked at even more closely spaced binary stars - positioned at three to zero astronomical units distance - they were surprised to find that dusty discs were common, occurring in about 60% of cases. In these systems, a dusty disc circles both stars, rather than just one. Any planets orbiting these close-knit star systems would experience sunsets similar to the one depicted on the fictional desert world of Tatooine in Star Wars: Episode IV - A New Hope. "The number of potential sites for planets has just increased enormously, because now we know these multiple star systems may be commonly associated with planetary formation," said Dr Trilling. Habitable zones Dr Trilling said that if planets did exist in dusty discs around these binaries, they might be at distances where the conditions could be hospitable for life.
"The Luke Skywalker picture is science fiction. But I don't see anything that's astronomically incorrect about it," said the University of Arizona researcher. "With some of our systems, you could play with the geometry, put a planet there, get the temperatures right and make it look just like [Tatooine]."
"Of course, we don't know anything about planets in these systems - it's all imagination - but it looks fine."
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Then again, if there were no planetary evolution......
Linked pictures:
Two suns? Does that mean I tan twice as fast then?
Forget the tan... think about all those alien global warming crackpots!
ping.
Hey. How come the quote moved over? It should be aligned vertically with the picture above it.
The real story here is that Star Wars is 30 years old.
Of course many heavenly bodies have two globes! It doesn't take a rocket scientist and shame on NASA for wasting research dollars on so obvious a fact!
All you scientists out there -- for the medium distance binaries -- would it be possible for a planet to go around in a figure 8?
I would say it's possible, but not likely. Think of the free-return trajectory that Apollo used for the Moon landings. It is probably near impossible, because the star would naturally want to orbit one or both, elliptical orbits (or nearly-circular elliptical orbits) are the most common. It would take an extraordinary set of circumstances for a planet to enter into that sort of trajectory around two stars. That being said, anything's possible.
The world is so full of a number of things,
Im sure we should all be as happy as kings.
LOL, funny thread title. Kinda backwards....
related:
Double sun sunset no longer science fiction
Science, Engineering & Technology News | January 24, 2007 | Scenta
Posted on 01/24/2007 11:24:07 AM EST by SunkenCiv
http://www.freerepublic.com/focus/chat/1772892/posts
Well your Suns "setted" tonight against Golden State.
http://www.freerepublic.com/focus/f-chat/1742444/posts
..."It is a little-known fact that nearly 25 percent of the known extrasolar planets are in binary- or multiple-star systems," said Stephen Kortenkamp...
ARTIST'S CONCEPTION of proposed formation process for the multiple-star system L1551 IRS5, as revealed by observations with the Very Large Array (VLA) radio telescope. Top panel: large disk-like cloud of gas and dust rotates. Middle panel: two smaller disks of gas and dust fragment from the large disk and begin to condense into protostars, each having its own surrounding disk and shooting "jets" of material outward from the poles of its disk. Bottom panel: A third, smaller disk and protostar joins the sytem, either through the same fragmentation process or by being captured gravitationally by the larger protostars. CREDIT: Bill Saxton, NRAO/AUI/NSF
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