Religions can change and their votaries are not monolithic. Islam has not in all places and at all times been violent. The same argument about the Catholic Church being incompatible with freedoms was made by Locke and Voltaire and the French Revolutionaries to exclude Catholics from religious toleration.
"Islam has not in all places and at all times been violent."
Sure, but most places and most times they are violent. Herein lies the dilemma. What do a peaceful and tolerant people do with them as they reap chaos and havoc at ports around the world?
You are forgetting one thing. For the Muslim there is no separation of church and state. Religion is the state. How on earth could a group holding such an ideology be compatible with modern society? The Quran and its companion the Hadith are handbooks for the commission of murder and mayhem in the name of religion. It is a constitution for the establishment of a despotism so wicked and vile as to make warm the heart of Big Brother.
OK, name that place. Name that time.
Islam has been 14 centuries of warfare, everywhere it has been, or wanted to go. You, my friend, are attempting to place a rational western construct upon an irrational and destructive force, antithetical to any western thought, except perhaps to extract from it useful objects.
Yes there have been brief respites, when everyone in a conquered area was converted, enslaved, killed, or in dhimmitude.
There never was, and never will be, a "Pax Islamica."