Gunpowder must have been made by Chinese Catholics.
Much of what you listed was from the voyage of Marco Polo.
Although the banter of these posts make it seem otherwise, I do not hate Catholics. I do not have any patience for religious tyranny and mis-information.
I believe a lot of people on FR could benefit greatly from a course in critical reading. If you would have read what I actually said, you no doubt would have understood that I was not attributing the invention of gunpowder to monks, Chinese or otherwise. I was only indictating that the Middle Ages were not bereft of progress, as many assume.