FDOT got the Escambia bridge reopened in a matter of weeks after Ivan passed through. I would imagine this bridge could be reopened much more quickly than most people would think. It will certainly be open to traffic again before there's a city for it to go to.
I think you hit the nail on the head. The slabs separated from the piers underneath at those points where there was no "fixed" support -- just a "bearing" support for expansion joints.