This is such serious malarky that it offends me. Galileo was expressing a technical opinion about the nature of the universe in disagreement with the church, which, for all practical purposes, was, at the time, also the state. And a pretty bloody arbitrarily powerful one at that.
The argument was most definitely and overwhelmingly about science, and the nature of the universe. And to charactarize anything Galileo might have said, no matter how intemperate, as an "attack" on the church is like accusing a flea of trying to attack an elephant.
You have some pretty odd sensibilities, to be touting conventional, conservative and polite rules of argumentation in one breath, and promulgating this very odd, rather senseless, and un-historical take on the Trial of Galileo, with no more apparent thought to defend it in detail than a sparrow has for quantum mechanics. I believe I'll ask you to quit offering us instructions on proper argumentation.
His disagreement was with most of the scientific world of his day, which was, and is today, welcomed by the church insofar as science aims for the truth. Galileo was defending the views of a Catholic priest who also happened to be a scientist.