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To my knowledge, Costa Rica, Brazil, Uruguay, Argentina, Chile, Venezuela, Panama, and Colombia all grant citizenship to those born within their borders to foreign nationals.
Doesn't matter. Our citizenship requirements have nothing do with Mexico's or those of any other nation. The 14th Amendment is written in plain English and it's very clear. If you don't like it, amend the constitution, but don't pretend that any bill can alter the constitution.
Yes. I have two brothers who were born in Mexico while we were living there for a few years. They have dual citizenship. Not only that, but their kids can also apply for dual citizenship even though my family left Mexico before any of us was old enough to attend elementary school.
The only reason I'm not also a Mexican citizen is because I was born during my father's summer vacation from the university he was attending at the time.