[Southack]

"I haven't seen you respond to the bacterial culture starting with a single individual. How does a single individual have the built in variation?"

That's a Boolean option. Either it has the resistant trait or it doesn't.

[js1138]

That's a Boolean option. Either it has the resistant trait or it doesn't.

That's easy to answer. The original single individual does not have the trait. After many generations, some of the descendents do have the trait. It is easy to demonstrate that the colony starts with one individual. It is easy to demonstrate that the resulting colony has variation.