Free Republic
Browse · Search
News/Activism
Topics · Post Article

Skip to comments.

Worldwide Earthquake Activity in the Last Seven Days -- Just Prior to 9.0 and until Dec 30
USGS Earthquake Program ^ | Dec 30, 2004

Posted on 12/30/2004 6:49:56 PM PST by topher

[This is a long list of data from that website at the time of posting to preserve the window -- topher.]

Current Time: Fri, 31 Dec 2004 02:26:20 UTC

Updated as of Fri Dec 31 00:10:28 UTC 2004.

DATE-(UTC)-TIME           Latitude         Longitude         Depth Magnitude            Comments

yyyy/mm/dd hh:mm:ss       degrees         degrees             km                    

2004/12/30  17:58:09       12.26N          92.52E              17.6    5.9          ANDAMAN ISLANDS, INDIA REGION

2004/12/30  17:34:44       6.74N            92.89E              27.9    5.5          NICOBAR ISLANDS, INDIA REGION

2004/12/30  15:02:18       9.49N            74.90W            50.5    4.8          NORTHERN COLOMBIA

2004/12/30  13:29:45       38.93N          141.48E            70.7    5.1          NEAR EAST COAST OF HONSHU, JAPAN

2004/12/30  09:40:59       38.38N          135.44E            361.4 4.6          SEA OF JAPAN

2004/12/30  06:38:20       8.98N            92.31E              35.3    4.9          NICOBAR ISLANDS, INDIA REGION

2004/12/30  04:27:36       5.52N            94.27E              30.8    5.5          NORTHERN SUMATRA, INDONESIA

2004/12/30  01:43:05       4.22N            94.25E              30       5.1          OFF W COAST OF NORTHERN SUMATRA

2004/12/30  01:37:44       37.28N          119.38W          32.9    3.3          CENTRAL CALIFORNIA

2004/12/30  01:04:51       4.23N            94.20E              12.7    5.6          OFF W COAST OF NORTHERN SUMATRA

                                                                                                                       

2004/12/29  21:12:59       5.20N            94.71E              25.8    5.7          NORTHERN SUMATRA, INDONESIA

2004/12/29  19:32:08       16.12N          47.20W            10       4.8          NORTHERN MID-ATLANTIC RIDGE

2004/12/29  18:50:20       5.54N            94.35E              38.6    5.6          NORTHERN SUMATRA, INDONESIA

2004/12/29  17:25:48       38.81N          122.79W          2.5      2.9          NORTHERN CALIFORNIA

2004/12/29  13:58:52       38.51N          141.91E            54.8    5             NEAR EAST COAST OF HONSHU, JAPAN

2004/12/29  13:20:25       28.89N          130.44E            7.7      5.7          RYUKYU ISLANDS, JAPAN

2004/12/29  05:56:50       8.78N            93.22E              30       6.2          NICOBAR ISLANDS, INDIA REGION

2004/12/29  01:50:55       9.08N            93.79E              24.9    6.1          NICOBAR ISLANDS, INDIA REGION

2004/12/29  01:39:41       8.32N            93.18E              30       5.8          NICOBAR ISLANDS, INDIA REGION

                                                                                                                       

2004/12/28  23:07:53       6.73N            92.99E              30       5.1          NICOBAR ISLANDS, INDIA REGION

2004/12/28  21:47:26       8.93N            93.74E              9.5      5.5          NICOBAR ISLANDS, INDIA REGION

2004/12/28  21:07:35       53.28N          173.83W          251.4 5.8          ANDREANOF ISLANDS, ALEUTIAN IS., ALASKA

2004/12/28  20:34:12       37.02N          28.34E              10       4.5          WESTERN TURKEY

2004/12/28  19:55:11       9.42N            93.66E              30       5.4          NICOBAR ISLANDS, INDIA REGION

2004/12/28  17:11:16       9.92N            93.81E              46.3    5.4          NICOBAR ISLANDS, INDIA REGION

2004/12/28  14:30:42       4.70N            95.24E              47       5.2          NORTHERN SUMATRA, INDONESIA

2004/12/28  14:08:43       10.39N          93.02E              30       5.3          ANDAMAN ISLANDS, INDIA REGION

2004/12/28  13:46:03       5.06N            96.16E              30       5.1          NORTHERN SUMATRA, INDONESIA

2004/12/28  13:06:42       6.68N            93.05E              20.8    5.1          NICOBAR ISLANDS, INDIA REGION

2004/12/28  11:17:44       4.73N            95.21E              41.1    5.8          NORTHERN SUMATRA, INDONESIA

2004/12/28  09:30:40       37.25N          138.80E            36       5.1          NEAR WEST COAST OF HONSHU, JAPAN

2004/12/28  07:47:11       18.04N          120.35E            37.4    4.6          LUZON, PHILIPPINES

2004/12/28  07:20:59       11.38N          92.90E              30       4.9          ANDAMAN ISLANDS, INDIA REGION

2004/12/28  05:36:13       9.51N            93.73E              30       5.4          NICOBAR ISLANDS, INDIA REGION

2004/12/28  04:36:28       13.88N          93.33E              30       4.8          ANDAMAN ISLANDS, INDIA REGION

2004/12/28  03:20:19       6.81N            92.81E              18.8    5.3          NICOBAR ISLANDS, INDIA REGION

2004/12/28  02:05:14       13.83N          93.47E              30       4.8          ANDAMAN ISLANDS, INDIA REGION

2004/12/28  00:37:53       7.66N            94.16E              37.2    5.4          NICOBAR ISLANDS, INDIA REGION

                                                                                                                       

2004/12/27  20:36:18       8.98N            93.69E              30       5.4          NICOBAR ISLANDS, INDIA REGION

2004/12/27  20:10:50       2.92N            95.61E              23.9    5.7          SIMEULUE, INDONESIA

2004/12/27  19:28:52       8.58N            93.66E              30       5.4          NICOBAR ISLANDS, INDIA REGION

2004/12/27  19:26:57       7.81N            92.13E              35.9    5             NICOBAR ISLANDS, INDIA REGION

2004/12/27  19:16:09       11.57N          93.09E              30       5.1          ANDAMAN ISLANDS, INDIA REGION

2004/12/27  19:13:19       11.61N          92.53E              26.3    5.6          ANDAMAN ISLANDS, INDIA REGION

2004/12/27  18:24:04       9.29N            93.86E              27.3    4.9          NICOBAR ISLANDS, INDIA REGION

2004/12/27  18:09:33       2.75N            94.64E              41.6    5             OFF THE WEST COAST OF NORTHERN SUMATRA

2004/12/27  17:40:01       5.60N            93.16E              8.6      5.2          OFF THE WEST COAST OF NORTHERN SUMATRA

2004/12/27  16:18:10       4.86N            94.25E              30.9    4.8          OFF THE WEST COAST OF NORTHERN SUMATRA

2004/12/27  16:08:15       5.79N            93.12E              13.7    4.4          OFF THE WEST COAST OF NORTHERN SUMATRA

2004/12/27  15:49:32       7.20N            92.27E              30       4.6          NICOBAR ISLANDS, INDIA REGION

2004/12/27  15:41:03       10.47N          92.86E              34       4.8          ANDAMAN ISLANDS, INDIA REGION

2004/12/27  15:20:32       10.60N          93.59E              13.9    5.1          ANDAMAN ISLANDS, INDIA REGION

2004/12/27  14:46:46       12.35N          92.50E              19       5.8          ANDAMAN ISLANDS, INDIA REGION

2004/12/27  14:30:31       8.55N            93.86E              15.3    5.2          NICOBAR ISLANDS, INDIA REGION

2004/12/27  14:20:55       8.27N            93.55E              30       4.8          NICOBAR ISLANDS, INDIA REGION

2004/12/27  13:34:26       2.74N            95.64E              30       4.7          SIMEULUE, INDONESIA

2004/12/27  12:58:15       7.76N            93.23E              30       4.6          NICOBAR ISLANDS, INDIA REGION

2004/12/27  11:57:53       8.08N            92.28E              12.6    5.1          NICOBAR ISLANDS, INDIA REGION

2004/12/27  10:46:47       13.65N          93.07E              23.8    5.3          ANDAMAN ISLANDS, INDIA REGION

2004/12/27  10:46:38       13.66N          93.10E              30       5.1          ANDAMAN ISLANDS, INDIA REGION

2004/12/27  10:36:23       38.75N          122.73W          2.9      4.3          NORTHERN CALIFORNIA

2004/12/27  10:05:02       4.78N            95.11E              24.7    5.9          NORTHERN SUMATRA, INDONESIA

2004/12/27  09:57:52       7.72N            92.67E              8.5      5.6          NICOBAR ISLANDS, INDIA REGION

2004/12/27  09:39:06       5.36N            94.66E              35       6.1          NORTHERN SUMATRA, INDONESIA

2004/12/27  08:37:38       6.49N            93.26E              30       5.7          NICOBAR ISLANDS, INDIA REGION

2004/12/27  08:21:39       5.54N            94.60E              48.1    5.4          NORTHERN SUMATRA, INDONESIA

2004/12/27  07:47:36       2.68N            94.48E              32.3    5.6          OFF THE WEST COAST OF NORTHERN SUMATRA

2004/12/27  06:59:15       3.01N            95.54E              30       5.4          OFF THE WEST COAST OF NORTHERN SUMATRA

2004/12/27  05:16:34       14.03N          93.09E              30       4.7          ANDAMAN ISLANDS, INDIA REGION

2004/12/27  05:10:52       6.00N            93.21E              26.4    4.9          OFF W COAST OF NORTHERN SUMATRA

2004/12/27  03:04:38       4.26S             152.68E            64.7    5.2          NEW BRITAIN REGION, P.N.G.

2004/12/27  00:49:28       13.00N          92.43E              18.5    6.1          ANDAMAN ISLANDS, INDIA REGION

2004/12/27  00:32:16       5.49N            94.46E              33       6             NORTHERN SUMATRA, INDONESIA

2004/12/27  00:24:29       4.47N            93.76E              10       5.4          OFF THE WEST COAST OF NORTHERN SUMATRA

2004/12/27  00:24:01       39.82N          120.79W          5.4      3.4          NORTHERN CALIFORNIA

                                                                                                                       

2004/12/26  21:13:44       39.82N          120.79W          5.1      3.8          NORTHERN CALIFORNIA

2004/12/26  21:06:51       4.59N            96.37E              45       5.6          NORTHERN SUMATRA, INDONESIA

2004/12/26  20:50:32       6.36N            126.89E            102.5 5.8          MINDANAO, PHILIPPINES

2004/12/26  19:19:56       2.78N            94.17E              30       6.1          OFF W COAST OF NORTHERN SUMATRA

2004/12/26  19:03:49       4.11N            94.24E              30       5.4          OFF W COAST OF NORTHERN SUMATRA

2004/12/26  18:42:43       13.75N          92.97E              23.5    5.3          ANDAMAN ISLANDS, INDIA REGION

2004/12/26  15:12:22       6.70N            92.99E              19.5    5.5          NICOBAR ISLANDS, INDIA REGION

2004/12/26  15:06:35       3.66N            94.01E              30       5.9          OFF W COAST OF NORTHERN SUMATRA

2004/12/26  14:48:44       13.63N          92.87E              30       5.7          ANDAMAN ISLANDS, INDIA REGION

2004/12/26  13:56:40       2.77N            94.46E              30       5.9          OFF W COAST OF NORTHERN SUMATRA

2004/12/26  12:11:58       11.54N          92.42E              30       5.5          ANDAMAN ISLANDS, INDIA REGION

2004/12/26  12:09:41       12.23N          92.61E              13.4    5.4          ANDAMAN ISLANDS, INDIA REGION

2004/12/26  11:05:00       13.52N          92.86E              13.1    6.2          ANDAMAN ISLANDS, INDIA REGION

2004/12/26  10:51:20       7.59N            92.33E              30       5.6          NICOBAR ISLANDS, INDIA REGION

2004/12/26  10:19:28       13.47N          92.78E              5.8      6.3          ANDAMAN ISLANDS, INDIA REGION

2004/12/26  10:18:13       8.97N            93.72E              14.4    5.5          NICOBAR ISLANDS, INDIA REGION

2004/12/26  09:19:59       8.88N            92.35E              4.5      6.6          NICOBAR ISLANDS, INDIA REGION

2004/12/26  07:38:27       13.15N          93.02E              30       5.8          ANDAMAN ISLANDS, INDIA REGION

2004/12/26  07:07:12       10.37N          93.73E              30       5.6          ANDAMAN ISLANDS, INDIA REGION

2004/12/26  06:38:39       6.71N            92.94E              37.6    5.5          NICOBAR ISLANDS, INDIA REGION

2004/12/26  06:22:02       10.67N          92.33E              38.9    5.5          ANDAMAN ISLANDS, INDIA REGION

2004/12/26  04:21:29       6.89N            92.90E              36.9    7.1          NICOBAR ISLANDS, INDIA REGION

2004/12/26  04:10:12       5.49N            92.92E              34.7    5.4          OFF W COAST OF NORTHERN SUMATRA

2004/12/26  03:56:28       37.96N          118.66W          7.8      3.9          CENTRAL CALIFORNIA

2004/12/26  03:19:15       3.72N            93.82E              30       5.6          OFF THE WEST COAST OF NORTHERN SUMATRA

2004/12/26  03:17:52       7.16N            92.85E              30       5.8          NICOBAR ISLANDS, INDIA REGION

2004/12/26  03:08:44       13.74N          93.07E              30       5.9          ANDAMAN ISLANDS, INDIA REGION

2004/12/26  02:59:14       3.20N            94.34E              30       5.8          OFF W COAST OF NORTHERN SUMATRA

2004/12/26  02:52:01       12.48N          92.57E              30       6             ANDAMAN ISLANDS, INDIA REGION

2004/12/26  02:36:09       12.18N          92.96E              31.2    5.9          ANDAMAN ISLANDS, INDIA REGION

2004/12/26  02:34:52       4.01N            94.15E              30       5.7          OFF W COAST OF NORTHERN SUMATRA

2004/12/26  02:22:03       8.83N            92.54E              28       5.9          NICOBAR ISLANDS, INDIA REGION

2004/12/26  02:15:56       12.35N          92.54E              7.9      5.7          ANDAMAN ISLANDS, INDIA REGION

2004/12/26  01:48:49       5.41N            94.46E              32.7    5.8          NORTHERN SUMATRA, INDONESIA

2004/12/26  01:21:21       6.39N            93.39E              30       6.2          NICOBAR ISLANDS, INDIA REGION

2004/12/26  00:58:53       3.32N            95.86E              30       9             OFF W COAST OF NORTHERN SUMATRA

                                                                                                                       

2004/12/25  23:25:07       1.31N            127.42E            157.8 4.7          HALMAHERA, INDONESIA

2004/12/25  22:48:21       15.14N          92.31W            125.3 4.1          CHIAPAS, MEXICO

2004/12/25  22:25:39       19.10S          167.76E            35.1    5.2          VANUATU REGION

2004/12/25  22:20:46       5.99S             127.64E            347.6 4             BANDA SEA

2004/12/25  20:22:19       34.42N          32.10E              39       4.2          CYPRUS REGION

2004/12/25  18:17:33       6.22S             151.08E            63.5    4.6          NEW BRITAIN REGION, P.N.G.

2004/12/25  17:05:30       40.22S          173.52E            203     COOK STRAIT, NEW ZEALAND

2004/12/25  09:08:36       10.40N          72.57W            9.4      4.4          ZULIA, VENEZUELA

                                                                                                                       

2004/12/24  23:54:49       6.60S             109.25E            277     4.5          JAVA, INDONESIA

2004/12/24  19:36:38       19.21S          167.76E            32.7    5.3          VANUATU REGION

2004/12/24  13:49:56       20.06S          178.84W          600     4.6          FIJI REGION

2004/12/24  13:39:44       20.15S          178.76W          615.5 5.2          FIJI REGION

2004/12/24  13:32:16       20.14S          178.65W          600     4.4          FIJI REGION

2004/12/24  05:31:44       50.12S          161.36E            10       5.4          NORTH OF MACQUARIE ISLAND

                                                                                                                       


TOPICS: Miscellaneous; News/Current Events
KEYWORDS: artbellhangup; byebyeaftershocks; callingartbell; earthquake; onlyaftershocks; quakesdiminishing; theskyisfalling; weredoomed
Navigation: use the links below to view more comments.
first 1-2021-40 next last
The point of this is to take a snapshot of activity from 12-24-04 to 12-30-04. It shows the number of quakes in this area and worldwide activity. The activity in the rest of the world pales by comparison even today. Below are the quake list with [number of quakes] followed by [magnitude].

Data on this webpage will change over time.

This is a sliding window, so we will loose the data before the time of the earthquake if not posted.

Summary of quakes in 9.0 area:

12-30-04 -> five 5+ earthquakes and one 4.9 earthquake

12-29-04 -> two 6+ earthquakes and three 5+ earthquakes

12-28-04 -> twelve 5+ earthquakes and three 4+ earthquakes

12-27-04 -> two 6+, twenty 5+, nine 4+ earthquakes

12-26-04 -> one 9.0, one 7.1, six 6+, and twenty-five 5+ earthquakes

12-25-04 -> one 4.7 in Halmahera, Indonesia

12-24-04 -> one 4.5 in Java, Indonesia

Note that there is a revision here -- the 7.1 in the quake area on December 26, 2004 was once listed as 7.5 quake.

1 posted on 12/30/2004 6:49:57 PM PST by topher
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | View Replies]

To: topher

Doesn't the world experience a ton of seismic activity during the course of a day? And isn't most of it not even noticeable, even 4 and 5.0?


2 posted on 12/30/2004 6:53:27 PM PST by Barte45 (Conservative Christian @ Heart)
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 1 | View Replies]

To: topher

Really big quakes have big aftershocks.


3 posted on 12/30/2004 6:56:29 PM PST by Strategerist
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 1 | View Replies]

To: topher

Not to ask a dumb question, but can the aftershocks (in the Sumatra area) cause subsequent tsunami(s)?


4 posted on 12/30/2004 6:58:30 PM PST by PennsylvaniaMom (FreeMartha)
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 1 | View Replies]

To: PennsylvaniaMom
Not to ask a dumb question, but can the aftershocks (in the Sumatra area) cause subsequent tsunami(s)?

Any that would be damaging would be pretty unlikely.

5 posted on 12/30/2004 6:59:04 PM PST by Strategerist
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 4 | View Replies]

To: Barte45
If you look at what USGS is posting, they are posting 3+ magnitude quakes in California during this period.

But the Indonesia/India [Islands] are dominating the list.

This is the data USGS is presenting, not me.

Just look at Dec 24 and Dec 25, and then look at Dec 30 in the list -- Indonesia/India barely register on the 24th and 25th, but they dominate on the Dec 30 in number and size.

There are still a number of major aftershocks [6+ and 5+ magnitude quakes daily in the area of the 9.0].

6 posted on 12/30/2004 7:01:17 PM PST by topher (God bless & Protect our Troops)
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 2 | View Replies]

To: Strategerist
Really big quakes have big aftershocks.

Agreed. One point of my posting seems to show it to start to taper off -- which I hope it continues to do.

7 posted on 12/30/2004 7:02:46 PM PST by topher (God bless & Protect our Troops)
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 3 | View Replies]

To: topher
I wonder if we'll see a new volcano or island chain formed in that region?
8 posted on 12/30/2004 7:05:21 PM PST by b4its2late (If God had intended us to drink beer, He would have given us stomachs.)
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 1 | View Replies]

To: topher
I read a newspaper article today from Russia that said a Russian seismologist said the next big earthquake would be in the South American region according to his calculations.

Interesting post seeing all the activity before and after.

http://www.hwn.org/home/atlantic.html
http://earthquake.usgs.gov/recenteqsww

and if your interested in volcano activity:

http://volcano.und.nodak.edu/vwdocs/current_volcs/current.html
9 posted on 12/30/2004 7:07:41 PM PST by Ginifer
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 1 | View Replies]

To: b4its2late
I wonder if we'll see a new volcano or island chain formed in that region?

Speculation is not my goal -- just crunching data. On Dec 23 there was a major earthquake event that is now already forgotten.

At that time, people were concerned about the poor penquins losing some ice falling into the ocean.

That was because of an 8.1 in the New Zealand area.

Now, for some reason, people are not worried about the penguins in that area...

10 posted on 12/30/2004 7:09:32 PM PST by topher (God bless & Protect our Troops)
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 8 | View Replies]

To: topher

It almost looks like the two Indonesian quakes on the 24th and 25th were prequakes. But they could also be a shift in other faults that caused the pressure to cause that 9.0.


11 posted on 12/30/2004 7:09:54 PM PST by notpoliticallycorewrecked
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 1 | View Replies]

To: topher

I wonder if the Saint Helens action resulted from any of this ring of fire action.


12 posted on 12/30/2004 7:11:48 PM PST by BoBToMatoE
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 1 | View Replies]

To: topher

I like to look at the map of North West (US) earthquakes on a daily basis. It's almost like hunting, trying to get a red one (within two hours). I find the history patterns (two weeks)interesting. Couple years ago I saw a different pattern that caught my eye. Ended up with that big one in puget sound. I have often wondered if anyone at the universities is following these histories and recognizing any patterns.


13 posted on 12/30/2004 7:13:40 PM PST by Cold Heart
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 1 | View Replies]

To: Ginifer
Interesting post seeing all the activity before and after.

I am just posting the earthquake activity before and after. They are just numbers.

If someone in research wants the data, it is there for them. For someone who is untrained, like myself, I will not even speculate.

14 posted on 12/30/2004 7:15:24 PM PST by topher (God bless & Protect our Troops)
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 9 | View Replies]

To: notpoliticallycorewrecked
It almost looks like the two Indonesian quakes on the 24th and 25th were prequakes. But they could also be a shift in other faults that caused the pressure to cause that 9.0.

I actually believe the exact opposite -- those quakes were too small. If our government believed that, then people in California would daily think there might be the big one.

There were very small earthquakes. And they were not as close [by distance] as these aftershocks to the big one.

You can not say there will be a 9.0 earthquake because of a 4.x and a 4.y earthquake on two different days.

Krakatoa in 1883 was much more predictable because it was a volcano, and there were observations of significant activity.

15 posted on 12/30/2004 7:21:09 PM PST by topher (God bless & Protect our Troops)
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 11 | View Replies]

To: notpoliticallycorewrecked
It almost looks like the two Indonesian quakes on the 24th and 25th were prequakes. But they could also be a shift in other faults that caused the pressure to cause that 9.0.

The major quakes for 2004 can be found at:

Significant Earthquakes in 2004

From this site, you will that there was a fairly big earthquake in Indonesia on November 11 -- but that is not out of the ordinary. That is why the small quakes would not be an indicator -- necessarily.

November 11 -- Kepulauan Alor, Indonesia -- 7.5M

16 posted on 12/30/2004 7:32:09 PM PST by topher (God bless & Protect our Troops)
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 11 | View Replies]

To: topher

THANKS MUCH.

Have long wanted to print out my listing of such in my email program but can't figure out how to print the listing of emails by subject line etc. such as you've done.


17 posted on 12/30/2004 7:59:48 PM PST by Quix (HAVING A FORM of GODLINESS but DENYING IT'S POWER. I TIM 3:5)
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 1 | View Replies]

To: topher

http://aslwww.cr.usgs.gov/Seismic_Data/heli2.shtml
Todays incoming is very quiet compared to the last weeks data.
All of these windows were almost black a week ago!


18 posted on 12/30/2004 8:04:11 PM PST by Tigen
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 1 | View Replies]

To: topher

They've determined the cause on DU: oil companies drilling and secret nuclear tests that avoid seismic detection.

I kid you not.


19 posted on 12/30/2004 8:30:36 PM PST by Elvis van Foster
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 1 | View Replies]

To: topher

Wasn't there something about a meteorite? And Antarctica, too? Something is going on. I do, however, wonder about the other side of the Pacific, a counterbalance. I was thinking Alaska, but maybe this is a Southern Hemisphere event.


20 posted on 12/30/2004 9:02:08 PM PST by combat_boots (Dug in and not budging an inch.)
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 10 | View Replies]


Navigation: use the links below to view more comments.
first 1-2021-40 next last

Disclaimer: Opinions posted on Free Republic are those of the individual posters and do not necessarily represent the opinion of Free Republic or its management. All materials posted herein are protected by copyright law and the exemption for fair use of copyrighted works.

Free Republic
Browse · Search
News/Activism
Topics · Post Article

FreeRepublic, LLC, PO BOX 9771, FRESNO, CA 93794
FreeRepublic.com is powered by software copyright 2000-2008 John Robinson