Posted on 12/23/2004 6:02:44 AM PST by sukhoi-30mki
PV: The Chanakya of Indian politics
Press Trust Of India IST Updated: Thursday, December 23, 2004 at 1652 hours IST
New Delhi, December 23: A statesman, scholar and linguist Pamulaparti Venkata Narasimha Rao will be remembered for several firsts to his credit during an eventful five years as Prime Minister in the last decade that saw India take a new economic path, the demolition of the controversial Babri Masjid and the rise of the saffron forces.
A hardcore congressman, Rao, who died at the age of 83, was the first Prime Minister from the South, the first from outside Nehru-Gandhi family to complete a full five year term and also dubiously the first to face criminal charges and accusations in and out of the top office.
However, before his death he was cleared in all the three cases he faced trial, the relief in the last Lakhubhai Pathak cheating case coming just a few months ago. Born in an agrarian family in Vangara village of Karimnagar district of Andhra Pradesh on June 28, 1921, Rao took over the reigns of Congress after the assassination of Rajiv Gandhi in May, 1991 and became Prime Minister after the staggered Lok Sabha elections in June.
PV, as he was popularly known, would be remembered for initiating far-reaching economic changes which turned Nehru's public sector penchant upside down. Educated at Osmania, Bombay and Nagpur universities from where he took his B.Sc. And LLB degrees, Rao's political baptism began in 1938 during the protest against the Nizam government's ban on singing 'Vande Mataram' in his college. Rao, a widower, leaves behind three sons and five daughters.
A staunch and trusted loyalist of the Nehru-Gandhi family, Rao had the rare distinction of holding important non-economic portfolios at the Centre -- External Affairs, Defence and Home at different times in the 1980s. Rao, whose famous pout was a cartoonists' delight, did not contest the 1991 elections and had virtually wound up his establishment here reconciling to political retirement.
But fate willed otherwise. After Rajiv Gandhi's assassination, he became the consensus candidate for the Congress President's post that put him in the Prime Minister's seat after the elections. He headed a minority government for sometime and later acquired a majority strength in the Lok Sabha under controversial circumstances which his detractors said was acquired through dubious means.
After he relinquished power in 1996, he went through a difficult period facing trials in the infamous JMM MPs' bribery case and Lakhubhai Pathak case. While the lower court convicted him in the bribery case, the Delhi High Court exonerated him later. He was also discharged in the St Kitts forgery case.
One who earned the soubriquet "Chanakya" for his maneuvering skills, he also came under attack from his own party colleagues and Opposition leaders when his government pursued the "hawala" scam in which they were implicated. The scandal, however, finally met a judicial death.
If Rao has left a legacy as Prime Minister, it is of LPG (liberalisation, privatisation, globalisation) and economic reforms under the then Finance Minister Manmohan Singh as the duo pulled the country from the economic brink it was facing at the height of a severe foreign exchange crisis. One black spot of his rule was the demolition of the disputed structure at Ayodhya in December 1992 and nationwide communal riots that followed.
He was Union Home Minister when riots erupted after the assassination of Indira Gandhi in 1984 and even then he was blamed for "criminal inaction". In 1993, a year after the securities scam, big bull Harshad Mehta created a sensation when he alleged to have handed over to him a suitcase with Rs one crore at his residence. It took a while for Rao to come out of the political crisis that the muck had left behind.
Not many expected him to remain Prime Minister for long, some even called him the "stop-gap" premier given his age, ailing health and lack of charisma and grassroots support. Yet, confounding political pundits, the "meek inheritor" soon emerged as a "power player" and he was in splits watching one party split after another including Telugu Desam, Shiv Sena and Janata Dal.
But one scam after another made his government highly unpopular, culminating in defeat of the Congress in the May 1996 Lok Sabha polls. In September, Rao quit the post of the party president. After being chargesheeted in St Kitts forgery and JMM bribery case, he also gave up the CPP leadership.
Rao was the first Prime Minister to have faced criminal charges but he relentlessly fought all the cases. After Sonia Gandhi took over the party reins he did not contest Lok Sabha polls.
Rao was back to what he did best -writing- and came out with an over 700-page semi-autobiographical tone, "the insider", released by his arch political rival but close friend and another former Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee.
His true gift lay in putting across party ideology, and he played a key role in drafting the political, economic and foreign policy resolutions for the AICC session at Kamagatur Nagar in Chandigarh. After Emergency was lifted, he was one of the few prominent Congressmen who withstood the Janata wave and entered the Lok Sabha from Hanamkonda in 1977.
Politics, however, was just one of the many interests of this multi-faceted personality. A Sahitya Ratan in Hindi, Rao was fluent in several languages, including Spanish.
Taking a cue from the Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi, Rao was over 60 years old when he became a computer addict spending hours on his word processors when most politicians were not computer literate. The word processors came in handy to draft the new education policy when he was asked to head the newly created human resource development ministry in 1986. The Navodaya Vidyalaya scheme was his brainchild.
Later as Prime Minister, "the consensus man" implemented V.P. Singh's pet project, the Mandal Commission report. Rao's Prime Ministership also marked an upswing in Indo-US relations after a summit meeting with the then American President Bill Clinton in Washington in 1994.
A science and law graduate from Nagpur University, Rao later lectured at the universities in the US and Germany. He always had a way with words. A day before he was sworn in as Prime Minister, he said, "As an individual, I feel overwhelmed, utterly humble. But as representative of a great party, I feel like a colossus".
Known for his conciliatory manner and ideological firmness, Rao always held his own in any discussion without threatening anybody, making him a successful External Affairs Minister in Indira and Rajiv cabinets. His multi-lingual skills always came in handy.
After the 1992 Ayodhya demolition, he pacified Muslim clerics in chaste Urdu. Later, he was quoting slokas from the Gita while addressing the IAS probationers at his residence.
PR effort??If that's the case,please direct me to the specific government dept or company handling it,as I am yet to get my cheque.
PVN reoriented India's ties with the US drastically,though Clinton did make life very hard for him.His pragmatism was evident when he suspended preparations for 2 nuclear tests in 1995 after US pressure.If Indo-US ties are stable today,PVN does deserve a proverbial pat on the back.
OK then, why are you posting so many articles about India then? If you're not a PR agent, I apologize. I have run into a few already.
Because Im an Indian who happens to post articles on India (& China,Israel & south-east Asia) whenever I see it as relevant to world politics & relations with the US.
Did I miss out to say 'Because I Can'?
Something wrong with an Indian site for those discussions?
There he goes again. We will have to complain to the management about the harassment. Some people have never been outside little towns in Texas, it appears. These are perfectly newsworthy articles. International news does seem to appeal to those with greater intellects.
Actually India started to adjust itself to new global realities by the 1980s when Rajiv Gandhi saw that the USSR was becoming fragile.He hit up great chemistry with Ronald Reagan despite their considerable age difference.India & the US signed armsdeals & extended scientific cooperation.Then relations went into a flux,till PVN came along.
PS-India was infact strongly allied to the US after it's 1962 war(& defeat) with China.The 1st US-India airforce exercises were held in 1964(the next in 2004) & heavy intelligence cooperation was started against China.This continued till Johnson & later Nixon saw Pakistan as a better bet.Indira Gandhi's attitude wasn't too cozy either.
Listen,buddy what exactly is your bloody problem??AS far as I know it ,the Web & Freerepublic are free places,where you can do anything as long as you stay within the boundaries.
Don't take my remarks on the Comrades as support for them.Most of them are pretty detestable,but they are also increasingly realistic.While India's communists have always been the loudest to support the Pallis,it was surprisingly,a government with active communist participation that signed the 1st public arms deals with Israel in 1996!!The present chief minister of West Bengal infact has started to implement policies which makes strikes in & against IT companies illegal-so now, many IT majors are crowding to Kolkata.
Are you against the promotion of Israel of England? Do you have something against Indians or learning about foreign affairs? Were you downsized out of a call center job?
Oh Im so scared!!
of = or
I'll be more forgiving if you post some Bollywood babes.
Ouch! hehehe
Some like me, even the U.S.A. and conservatism! (although also with a strong interest in international affairs).
Sorry,but I hate Hindi movies due to the absolute lack of any storyline or script & my being from South India(non Hindispeaking) may also have to do with it!!!
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