Might want to check the domelight socket itself for damage causing the power wire or terminal to short to ground.
Also, bulbs have been known to short out without glass breakage. I had that happen to a nightlight bulb in my house, it tripped the breaker.
During the split second before the fuse blows, the lights work...the open door chime too. They wouldn't work, would they? If there was a problem there?
We found the problem fuse last week and replaced it...I drove it for two days before it shorted out again. Now it just shorts out right away.