No, we are, as always, "proving" theories by comparing them to the evidence.
I think a few thousand years ago they could prove turtles held up the earth by how slow the stars moved.
No they couldn't.
Correct, they couldn't prove it, any more than current evolution theorists can prove evolution. I don't argue that evolution is false, only that it has yet to be proven. Evolution, as with every single scientific paradigm is not able to answer some fundamental questions. Just as with every scientific theory, when the proponents of that theory can't answer the questions they attack the questioners as boobs or idiots. I'm not accusing you of that, but it seems to predominate in the scientific community. If you don't accept evolution as gospel you must be a religious right wing nut who believes in creationism.