Dang right it is not clean. You would have to get very, very close to kill a deer with a shogun. You can do it with fowl due to their size where shotgun damage can kill effectively if you are a good shot.
A single pellet of 00 Buck (There's a reason for the name) weighs 54 grains.
Or use slugshot - 427 grains, 960 ft/sec @ 100 yds
Not all that close. A few tens of yards. You can't reach out an touch 'em with a shotun. But you couldn't do that with a plains rifle or a "Kentucky" Long rifle either. Modern slug guns are at least as accurate, and may be somewhat harder hitting.
I'm sure you are thinking of birdshot, which is not used for dear hunting. Buckshot is sometimes used, but not so much anymore. On another thread Donna Brasile of the DNC is quoted as indicating you hunt pheasants with buckshot, but of course you don't do that any more than shoot deer with birdshot.