It might have been science fiction in 1983, when it was announced, but by 1991, Brilliant Pebbles was workable.
After all, heavier-than-air flight was science fiction too, in 1899.
Thanks for the summary on missle defense!
I didn't say the research was phony. The initial claims made in the 80s were phony. Most of the stuff is not yet ready for deployment.
http://dir.salon.com/books/review/2000/04/28/fitzgerald/index.html
I'm trying to find better links...
Some more stuff, a long read...
http://www.jerrypournelle.com/alt.mail/sdi.html
An enormous index of stuff (non of which I have read yet, but it looks interesting.
http://www.jerrypournelle.com/cgi-bin/perlfect/search/search.pl?p=1&lang=en&include=&exclude=&penalty=0&mode=all&q=sdi