FReeper Canteen ~ Part X of Women Warriors: Women Revolutionaries ~ March 23, 2004

GenderGap.com ^ | March 23, 2004 | LaDivaLoca

[LaDivaLoca]

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Part X: Women Revolutionaries

In 1670 Alyona, a former nun, led a troop of rebels who took the Russian town of Temnikov. She was eventually captured by government soldiers and burned at the stake.

In Mexico both Zapata's and Pancho Villa's peasant armies included women revolutionaries called "soldaderas" who originated in the ranks of the camp followers who provided water, food, clothing and medical care for the troops. The soldaderas organized their own units, armed themselves with pistols and rifles and engaged in battle alongside the men. Adelita, heroine of the revolutionary song, fought with Zapata's forces. During the Mexican War of Independence in 1810 Gertrudis Bocanegra raised an army of women and led them in battle. She died in 1817 after being arrested and tortured. (Click on picture for link to additional information)

The two pictures above show very different views of soldaderas. The first artist on the top, Jose Guadalupe Posada, shows the soldadera as a menacing figure, a soldier who is ready to fight; the only thing distinguishing her from a male soldier is her dress. The second artist, Angel Martin, portrays the soldadera as a sexual being, upholding the stereotype that the purpose of a soldadera was to seduce the male soldiers. (Arrizon 22-23)

The view portrayed in the last picture distorted the image of soldaderas because in reality, they were ordinary women that were extraordinary only in their will to fight for what they believed in. Most of them were mestizas or Indian women, including schoolteachers and wives of soldiers who had nowhere to go. They were both educated and uneducated, rich and poor. Many soldaderas went into battle with their children on their backs. Soldaderas showed just as much courage as their male counterparts during combat. They were also important because they had other skills that sustained the troops. They cooked, foraged for food, nursed wounded or sick soldiers, or performed other much-needed tasks. (Arrizon 1-23)

Baltazara Chuiza led a revolt against the Spanish in Ecuador in 1778 ... Micaela Bastidas fought alongside her husband, Tupac Amaru in the Peruvian rebellion of 1780, leading troops of both men and women in battle. (Micaela, picture on the right)

In 1780 Manuela Beltran organized a peasant uprising to protest excess taxation in Columbia and led her forces against government troops. She was the first person to publicly challenge the Spanish exploitation. When the Spanish crown increased taxes,  Manuela took from the tax collector's hand the edict and tore it - something previously unseen. She organized a peasant revolt in the main cities of the north east. The news and success of the revolt served as a catalyst for a revolution throughout the New Granada. But when the word reached the Viceroy, a head-hunt for Manuela was organized, resulting in her decapitation. She was the first seed of defiance against the colonizer and became a national martyr.

Lorenza Avemanay, a South American Indian, led a revolt against the Spanish in Ecuador in 1803.

Juana Azurduy was a guerilla leader in Bolivia in the early 1800s

In 1825 Ana Monterrosso de Lavelleja was the leader of the "Thirty-three Orientales", a guerrilla force which fought the Spanish in Uruguay.

Louisa Battistati, an Italian patriot, defended the town of Milan for 5 days and afterward the nearby town of Bettabia, during the Revolution of 1848.

Mariana Braceti, a Puerto Rican revolutionary in the 1860's, led troops of men and women in battle and was known as the "golden arm" because of her skill with a sword.

Candelaria Figuerdo was 16 when she joined the Cuban revolutionary forces in 1868 and is said to be the first woman to fight in the ranks in defense of Cuba.

Mahal Hazrat, the Begum of Oudhad, was an Indian Muslim queen who defended Lucknow against the British during the Indian Mutiny of 1857-1858. Sword in hand, Begum Hazrat Mahal led forces herself and directed army operations. (Click on picture for additional information)

Lakshmi Bai, the Rani of Jhansi, was another woman prominent in the Indian Mutiny. She was the regent for her infant son and the military advisor for the Jhansi army. When Jhansi was attacked by the British she called on all noblewomen to defy purdah and join her on the battlefield. She was killed in battle at the age of 22. (Click on picture for additional information)

Tarabai of Rajasthan led male and female troops into battle against the British during the Mutiny. She died on the battlefield after being stabbed in the back by a British soldier while trying to carry one of her wounded soldiers to safety ... There were a number of women in the Rajput Army included one all female cavalry troop.

Louise Clemence  Michel, a leader of the Paris Commune, prevented General Franco's Nationalist from taking over the city through repeated guerilla attacks on his forces. In 1871 the women of the commune banded together, armed themselves and joined the fighting as an all female brigade.

Next Tuesday, Conclusion of Women Warriors
American Women in Uniform

[StarCMC]

I just washed my car yesterday, so of course we are expecting some light showers today! ARGH!! It's a guarantee. Any of you who have a drought situation, let me just come to your place and wash my car. That'll fix everything! LOL! As MoJo would say, that's MY drama!!

[tiamat]

Happy Tuesday to YOU, Star!

Hope you are well and happy!

[HopeandGlory]

Good morning Troops and Canteeners . . .it's a beautiful misty Spring day.

[StarCMC]

Congrats Tomkow on getting #100!

[StarCMC]

I'm good -- gotta go make some scrambled eggs for SqueezIt GiggleLips! Be back in a while!!

[StarCMC]

Thank you for posting the pledge as always Hope!

It's good to remember EVERYDAY!

HUGS!!

[tomkow6]

 

TomKow6 for Prez!

...a favorite of children & animals!

 

 

 

 

A vote for TomKow is a vote for.....

I'm TomKow6, and I approve this ad!

 

 

[steplock]

I have been enjoying this series . . . but now you have fallen into the N.O.W. league of historic distortions.

"The second artist, Angel Martin, portrays the soldadera as a sexual being, upholding the stereotype that the purpose of a soldadera was to seduce the male soldiers."

THAT is the response of the left-wing socialist with no self-esteem nor confidence whose first and only purpose is to divide a free nation any way possible - for "United we Stand - Divided we Fall"

That painting is GLORIFYING women as warriors. THe artist painted her as beautiful as possible (Horrors!) but if you can think beyond n.o.w. manifesto and maybe educated and enlightened yourself with the classic arts, you will see the glorification of MAN as warriors in the paintings and sculpture - Idealized figures and hardly reality - but I see no National Organizxation for Males crying about "sexploitation" of their bodies.

As Antonio Gramsci taught his communist minions....

Form or infiltrate international organizations to promote goals such as "global understanding," "economic development," "transfer of resources" ...

Both Capitalism and Judaeo-Christian culture must be destroyed before a Communist revolution can succeed ...

When propagating revolutionary ideas, cloak them in polite terms


http://www.gohotsprings.com/focus/modules.php?op=modload&name=News&file=article&sid=799

[StarCMC]

Tom -- Fluffy says "LOL!"

[tomkow6]

Hi, Steplock!

Welcome to the Canteen!

Wanna buy a burka?

 

[USVet6792Retired]

Hi there Star!!

Hope yers is a good one too.

[Soaring Feather]

[Diva Betsy Ross]

Good morning Canteen crew! Good morning Troops! Warning.. this link is not for children or for the easily offended. Do not follow this link if you have a fear of laughter! I bring you Robert DeNiro from the office of "homeland security":

Fair warning!

(If you must... click on The photo of Robert when you open the link)

Thanks, troops, for our freedom!

[ALOHA RONNIE]

.


For...


...WE WERE SOLDIERS ONCE and YOUNG.


http://www.lzxray.com/guyer_collection.htm
(Photos)

.

[darkwing104]

Good Morning Canteen FReepers. Thanks for the history lesson, got my coffee and ready for the day.

[cyborg]

GOOD MORNING :D (now I am going back to bed!)

[StarCMC]

LOL Diva - youcrack me up!! I love that Graphic!!

[StarCMC]

Good morning Aloha Ronnie!

Thanks for stopping by the Canteen!

Come back and chat sometime!!

HUGS!!

[cyborg]

Not me ever!good morning :-)

[StarCMC]

Good morning Darkwing!

Hope you have a fabulous day!

HUGS!