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Thomas Sowell: Is Wal-Mart Good for America?
Capitalism Magazine ^ | December 9, 2003 | Thomas Sowell

Posted on 12/09/2003 1:51:27 PM PST by presidio9

"Is Wal-Mart Good for America?"

That is the headline on a New York Times story about the country's largest retailer. The very idea that third parties should be deciding whether a particular business is good for the whole country shows incredible chutzpa.

The people who shop at Wal-Mart can decide whether that is good for them or not. But the intelligentsia are worried about something called Wal-Mart's "market power."

Apparently this giant chain sells 30 percent of all the disposable diapers in the country and the Times reporter refers to the prospect of "Wal-Mart amassing even more market power."

Just what "power" does a sales percentage represent? Not one of the people who bought their disposable diapers at Wal-Mart was forced to do so. I can't remember ever having bought anything from Wal-Mart and there is not the slightest thing that they can do to make me.

The misleading use of words constitutes a large part of what is called anti-trust law. "Market power" is just one of those misleading terms. In anti-trust lingo, a company that sells 30 percent of the disposable diapers is said to "control" 30 percent of the market for that product. But they control nothing.

Let them jack up their prices and they will find themselves lucky to sell 3 percent of the disposable diapers. They will discover that they are just as disposable as their diapers.

Much is made of the fact that Wal-Mart has 3,000 stores in the United States and is planning to add 1,000 more. At one time, the A & P grocery chain had 15,000 stores but now they have shrunk so drastically that there are probably millions of people -- especially in the younger generation -- who don't even know that they exist.

An anti-trust lawsuit back in the 1940s claimed that A & P "controlled" a large share of the market for groceries. But they controlled nothing. As the society around them changed in the 1950s, A & P began losing millions of dollars a year, being forced to close thousands of stores and become a shadow of its former self.

Let the people who run Wal-Mart start believing the talk about how they "control" the market and, a few years down the road, people will be saying "Wal-Who?"

With Wal-Mart, as with A & P before them, the big bugaboo is that their low prices put competing stores out of business. Could anyone ever have doubted that low-cost stores win customers away from higher-cost stores?

It is one of the painful signs of the immaturity and lack of realism among the intelligentsia that many of them regard this as a "problem" to be "solved." Trade-offs have been with us ever since the late unpleasantness in the Garden of Eden.

How could industries have found all the millions of workers required to create the vast increase in output that raised American standards of living over the past hundred years, except by taking them away from the farms?

Historians have lamented the plight of the hand-loom weavers after power looms began replacing them in England. But how could the poor have been able to afford to buy adequate new clothing unless the price was brought down to their income level by mass production machinery?

Judge Robert Bork once said that somebody always gets hurt in a court room. Somebody always gets hurt in an economy that is growing. You can't keep on doing things the old way and still get the benefits of the new way.

This is not rocket science. But apparently some people just refuse to accept its logical implications. Unfortunately, some of those people are in Congress or in courtrooms practicing anti-trust law. And then there are the intelligentsia, perpetuating the mushy mindset that enables this counterproductive farce to go on.

This refusal to accept the fact that benefits have costs is especially prevalent in discussions of international trade. President Bush's ill-advised tariff on foreign steel was a classic example of trying to "save jobs" in one industry by policies which cost far more jobs in other industries making products with artificially expensive steel. Fortunately, he reversed himself.

Is it still news that there is no free lunch?


TOPICS: Business/Economy; Culture/Society; Editorial; Miscellaneous; News/Current Events; Philosophy
KEYWORDS: globalization; protectionism; thomassowell; trade; walmart
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To: Willie Green
He certainly avoids discussing whether We the People or Walmart is better represented in Congress.

Let me discuss that for you. The flawless, impeccable logic is that if Walmart were well-represented in Congress, they'd have a thirty percent market share while charging the highest prices. Their lack of political power is why they have to compete for the American consumer's dollar by selling at the lowest prices.

121 posted on 12/09/2003 4:09:33 PM PST by JoeSchem
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Comment #122 Removed by Moderator

To: lelio
Not often do posts on FR make me laugh out loud, but that one did. Thanks!

You laugh because it is easier than accepting the truth. Sure, keeping up with Reagan's miltary spending ruined the Russian economy. But it left Russia with a huge military. The people were in the exact worst position for revolt. But the depressed economy meant they had less economic freedom than ever.

123 posted on 12/09/2003 4:11:22 PM PST by presidio9 (Islam is as Islam does)
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To: Veracruz
God I love Veracruz,one of my favorite memories is jumping wave-runners over the reef about 1/2 mile off shore....
124 posted on 12/09/2003 4:11:52 PM PST by Porterville (No communist or french)
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To: vbmoneyspender
I know people have the right to buy cheap goods, but what are they gaining in the long run by saving a quarter on a bag of chips or a couple of dollars on a shirt or whatever?

I made an annual trip to Wal-Mart on 11-21. I spent $165. I figure I saved at least $130 compared to the local stores. I drove 34 miles one way. Spent about $12 in gas. I'm still ahead of the game. With a limited income, I have to spend wisely. For non-perishable items, Wal-Mart saves me money and renews my info about the price differences.
125 posted on 12/09/2003 4:12:11 PM PST by ridesthemiles (ridesthemiles)
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To: Veracruz
Our own Revolution was fought over tariffs. Or weren't you paying attention.
126 posted on 12/09/2003 4:12:26 PM PST by presidio9 (Islam is as Islam does)
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To: ridesthemiles
If there was no Wal Mart I'd by cheap crap from eBay.... and that my friend is capitalism.
127 posted on 12/09/2003 4:13:59 PM PST by Porterville (No communist or french)
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To: presidio9
Home Depot has killed regional lumbeyard chains.
How did they do this? Through competitive pricing?

Lumberjoke killed themselves in my area.
128 posted on 12/09/2003 4:16:22 PM PST by ridesthemiles (ridesthemiles)
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To: lelio
I don't think that regulation or taxation drove people to buy clothes make from cotton picked in the South by slaves before the civil war -- it was price. Congress passed numerous tariffs on products to protect the industries in the North before the Civil War. Imported cotton cloth carried a tariff (25 cents per yard tariff in 1816) and the South feared that foreign countries would retaliate by imposing tariffs on raw materials produced in the South. Regulation & taxation were significant among the causes of the Civil War.
129 posted on 12/09/2003 4:17:40 PM PST by elli1
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Comment #130 Removed by Moderator

To: discostu
"Radiology isn't a job you can remote"

Yes, it IS remoted for reading Xrays.
That is a big business now.
131 posted on 12/09/2003 4:18:33 PM PST by AlexW
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To: presidio9
Sure, keeping up with Reagan's miltary spending ruined the Russian economy.

You should of stopped right there.

But it left Russia with a huge military. The people were in the exact worst position for revolt. But the depressed economy meant they had less economic freedom than ever.

I'm not sure where you're going with this. I thought that Big Macs were the reason why the USSR fell. Are you trying to say that the soviets modernized their politics as they had a taste of Western civilization? I can buy that -- but to say that trade had anything to do with the initial revolt is about as plausible as helping the Iraqiis overthrow Saddam by buying their oil.
132 posted on 12/09/2003 4:20:09 PM PST by lelio
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Comment #133 Removed by Moderator

To: Veracruz
"I can never understand people who opposed the steel tariffs..."

How about, because the steel tariffs raised the price of steel for every single user of steel in the country? Such as the auto industry.

Or, how about because the tariffs very nearly started a trade war with Europe that could have jeopardized our economic recovery? Can you say Smoot-Hawley?
134 posted on 12/09/2003 4:22:37 PM PST by JoeBobJr
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To: presidio9
Our own Revolution was fought over tariffs. Or weren't you paying attention.

You don't need to get snippy. Besides I can't see your point here: England wanted to control the US. We wanted to set our own destiny. The two aren't compatable.

Are you trying to equate our Revolution with the fall of the USSR along these lines? That the soviet citizens were trying to shake of the US's chains?
135 posted on 12/09/2003 4:24:56 PM PST by lelio
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To: presidio9
Great article. Thanks for posting it.
137 posted on 12/09/2003 4:36:07 PM PST by PGalt
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To: presidio9; lelio
Just today on CNBC they stated that a radiologist in India makes $20k a year compared to the $300k one makes here. What is that radiologist that just lost his job going to do that's "more beneficial to our economy"?-lelio

Assuming that radiologist stays in India, he has zero effect on our economy.-presidio9

I think whether he's in India or the U.S., the effect on our economy is that we just saved $280k. Obviously, the radiologist (do they really make 300k/yr? That's ridiculous!) has lost a job. But assume he retrains, say he decides to build homes. Then our economy gets the radiologist job performed for 20k, with 280k left to pay the old radiologist to build us a new home. So our country gains a new home, at the expense of the overpaid radiologist, who hopefully has a lot of money in the bank after raking us over the coals with his old $300k/yr job.

138 posted on 12/09/2003 4:42:58 PM PST by Momforgold (Get rid of the Federal Reserve)
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To: presidio9
Not one of the people who bought their disposable diapers at Wal-Mart was forced to do so. I can't remember ever having bought anything from Wal-Mart and there is not the slightest thing that they can do to make me.

Where's your choice to not shop at Wal-Mart when they have undercut and driven under every other business in town?

Which is more of a free market to you? Is is thousands of independent small businesses in competition which other, or is it the 250 billion dollar megacorp that essentially owns most of its suppliers and is in bed with all levels of government or perhaps the other way around?

Small business people are about the most independent economic block there is, and probably the most conservative. We have government rubbed in our faces more than anyone, and see that that government is usually an inept mess of taxes, fees and red tape. When Reagan said "Government is not the solution to our problem, government is the problem." he was talking to us.

Contrast this with the people of Walmart - an inconsequential number of executives and a million plus minimum wage drones with no job security, no savings, no control, and no real expectation of any of those things ever changing. To them, government is a safety net and a check every now and then, paid for by someone else.. These people could be expected to vote socialist 10:1, and do.

Wheres the conservatism in cheering the death of the former (obsolete and inefficient you know) and the rise of the latter?

139 posted on 12/09/2003 4:43:01 PM PST by CGTRWK
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To: presidio9
Great post, BTW, Sowell is great!
140 posted on 12/09/2003 4:44:34 PM PST by Momforgold (Get rid of the Federal Reserve)
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