And in any event, only the Congress is specifically prohibited from doing such a thing. Contrary to popular opionion, I don't think the 14th amendment extended any of the 1st amendments principles to other government entities.
The 1st is a specific prohibition of the Congress, in a day when many states had official religions. The 14th merely extended "rights and priveleges" contained in the Constitution to the States. (which is a horribly redundant thing, because if these rights didn't exist within the States prior to the 14th, then where DID they exist? The 14th was merely an instrument to reel back in some recalcitrant southern States after the Civil War.)
Forbidding the Congress from making a particular kind of law, does not convey a "right" to the people, so the 14th is errelevant.
And, by the way. I'm a Godless Athiest Libertarian too.