[Ditto]

Read that more carefully. No it doesn't. This only cover the importation of slaves. It says nothing about export.

You say. I’d be willing to bet agood constitutional lawyer, looking at the Federalist Papers would argue differently.

As to birth rates, I offer you this. Despite some differences in methodological approaches and assumptions, all researchers have agreed that slave birth rates in the nineteenth century were very high, near a biological maximum for a human population. Melvin Zelnik used stable population methods to estimate a crude birth rate for the black population of “around 60” births per thousand population in 1830 and “about 54” in 1850. Reynolds Farley used slightly different methods to obtain an estimated birth rate of 53 in the 1840s and 49 in the 1850s. Jack Elben used stable population methods to calculate a crude birth rate of 53.1-53.2 births per thousand population between 1810 and 1830. The estimated rate declined to 52.1 in the 1840s and to 51.3 in the 1850s.

I seriously doubt that Miss Scarlet wanted to be knocked up that much. ;~)

[FLT-bird]

You say. I’d be willing to bet agood constitutional lawyer, looking at the Federalist Papers would argue differently.

Not what I say. Read the plain words. I provided them. They say import. They do not say export.

As to birth rates, I offer you this. Despite some differences in methodological approaches and assumptions, all researchers have agreed that slave birth rates in the nineteenth century were very high, near a biological maximum for a human population. Melvin Zelnik used stable population methods to estimate a crude birth rate for the black population of “around 60” births per thousand population in 1830 and “about 54” in 1850. Reynolds Farley used slightly different methods to obtain an estimated birth rate of 53 in the 1840s and 49 in the 1850s. Jack Elben used stable population methods to calculate a crude birth rate of 53.1-53.2 births per thousand population between 1810 and 1830. The estimated rate declined to 52.1 in the 1840s and to 51.3 in the 1850s.

I looked at the US Census data. The growth rate among slaves per decade was 23%, then 28%, then 23% etc from 1820-1860. That worked out to something like 26% or so on average which would double the population every 30 years. The birth rate for Whites was similarly extremely high. The big difference between America and Europe or America and the Caribbean and Brazil was not the birth rate. It was the survival rate. America was not crowded. People were nourished rather well. They were not crammed in such that disease could spread easily. Babies and toddlers were far far more likely to survive in America. That is how relatively few people in the 1600s and 1700s could turn into a very large population today. Yes we got lots of immigrants but a huge number of people trace their ancestry to early America. My dad's family came over in 1649. Not sure exactly when on my mom's side but 3 of them served in the Maryland Militia during the war of Secession from the British Empire....so early to mid 1700s at the very latest.