This is not a cable issue. The same cables work fine using the hub off my laptop.
He’s provide different power than an expansion card. You likely have a dedicated power supply for the hub that can push more juice than might be needed. PCI cards have to abide a specification to prevent damage elsewhere in the device. Get a USB tester and see what voltages you’re getting. I’d bet that you’re getting stable voltage off the card but surging on the hub.