No, he didn’t. That claim goes back to a French Canadian priest who became vehemently anti-Catholic and believed the Jesuits and the Vatican were behind everything from the Civil War to the Lincoln assassination and beyond.
Lincoln made the statement himself.
This is one of those things that has been covered up by fake historians.
The only way to find truth in the midst of deceptiveness is first to receive the love of the truth. (2 Thessalonians 2:10)