https://www.sec.gov/news/press-release/2022-70
The SEC’s complaint alleges that, from at least March 2020 to March 2021, Hwang purchased on margin billions of dollars of total return swaps. These security-based swaps allow investors to take on huge positions in equity securities of companies by posting limited funds up front. As alleged, Hwang frequently entered into certain of these swaps without any economic purpose other than to artificially and dramatically drive up the prices of the various companies’ securities, which induced other investors to purchase those securities at inflated prices.
>>Hwang purchased on margin billions of dollars of total return swaps.
for those unfamiliar with esoteric finance...
https://www.investopedia.com/terms/t/totalreturnswap.asp