My guess is that it is a military projectile launched by sling short or catapult. The different sized holes would create a "whiffle-ball effect," which would make avoidance more difficult. The knobs would cause the projectile to take a crazy bounce upon impact to the ground, which would also make avoidance more difficult. (My young grandchildren have a "crazy ball" -- a rubber ball with spikes that cause the ball to bounce in random directions.)
Surveyors, tool. Use the holes to line up posts in straight lines or at angles..?