In the UFO world the “counter arguments” that are not ad hominem attacks boil down to debunking specific sightings or individuals.
If successful the debunker/skeptic has convinced folks that one incident was not correctly reported.
Then they get to deal with thousands of other incidents—rough task—like stomping on ants at a picnic.
They have persuaded me that a couple of the UFO incidents in the literature are mistaken identity—the Kecksburg, PA sighting apparently was a fallen US craft (conventional technology) and Jacques Vallee and others are convinced that the Tic-Tacs are also conventional very advanced secret US tech (at least partially because they are of a type previously unknown in the UFO literature. Any “new” UFO type post 1990 or so is suspect in their view.)
“...Jacques Vallee and others are convinced that the Tic-Tacs are also conventional very advanced secret US tech...”
It would seem extremely odd to use this “advanced secret US tech” in a carrier group training environment, where the odds of detection couldn’t be higher.