Years ago I had a black friend who was medical student.
He told me he would never go to a black doctor because you wouldn’t know if he made because of his brain or because of affirmative action. (He made it through with brain.)
A friend of the family went to medical school, and is now a doctor.
He told me that if a white medical student failed a class, that would be the end of his medical career. He was gone, washed out.
But if a minority medical student failed a class, he/she was allowed to repeat the class. It was try, try, and try again.
This is obviously unfair to those patients who will have to deal with a substandard minority doctor. But it is also unfair to those many minority doctors who get through on their own merits. Because they will be suspect, for no good reason.
“He told me he would never go to a black doctor because you wouldn’t know if he made because of his brain or because of affirmative action. (He made it through with brain.)”
I on know a black family that is just like your friend. They refuse to be treated by black doctors because of the affirmative action question. They’re just as adamant about not being treated by Indian doctors, the whole animism thing gets their goat.