Can’t you just use the LED lights the pot growers use indoors???
You could use led lights, the fundamental limits are the efficiency of photosynthesis conversion of photonic energy to chemical energy via the ATP cycle it’s limited to 1% or so regardless of the light source.
Solar panels are 20+% efficient at turning a photon into electrons. This means you start off with at least 20 times the per square meter of sunlight in output of energy conversions. Then they use this much higher density of energy to turn water and CO2 into an organic molecule that plants,yeast or fungi can literally eat. It’s genus actually and will help humans leave this rock for the stars. It also allows for the underground growing of food using geothermal or nuclear energy no sunlight needed with high efficiency and density. Humans now have the means to survive a KT event scale impact by creating deep mine based shelters with nuclear or geothermal energy sources to clean water make oxygen via electrolysis and now directly make food via electrolysis. It should be noted that the primary energy sources in cattle rumens is also acetic acid produced via their microbial symbiotic relationship in their guts. You could feed cattle the output of this process directly and with a nitrogen source such as ammonia or urea grow cattle or sheep or goats completely off electricity ,water and CO2 it is nothing short of a quantum leap in human innovation. Science! For the big win.