As is typical people don’t even read the materials.
“Production subsidies occur when governments provide tax cuts or direct payments that reduce the cost of producing coal, oil, or gas.”
The US .gov does both in addition every tax dollar not collected is a tax dollar that must come from somewhere else in the case of government spending and taxes it is a zero sum game. Either the dollar comes from direct tax revenue from another source or it is printed via the Fed and it comes from your life savings via inflation and debasement of your currency. So yes every dollar given or not taxes is a direct subsidy. The fedgov will never spend less never has never will so this by default makes tax revenue a zero sum process as the government ALWAYS spends more than it collects so every lost dollar in tax revenue must come from somewhere else lately they have just been printing it with the obvious inflation caused by debasing a currency.