Zero or low gravity effects also include impeding or preventing blood clotting. Even small cuts can cause excessive bleeding and don’t heal until the astronauts return to Earth. No one so far has had any kind of minor surgical procedure in space due to the possibility of blood loss. Also, antibiotics don’t seem to be effective in space making even minor bacterial infections very dangerous.
Add to this the risks of cancer from high radiation and solar flares and it is clear that long term space travel for humans is not practical without new medical treatments and artificial gravity environments.
Huh... How about that. That was a sub-plot for several episodes of the sci-fi show "The Expanse." I thought it was written in just for dramatic purposes to get several different groups cooperating to save their backsides... Learn something new every day.
The other effect all astronauts experience is a change in the shape of their eyeballs resulting in becoming near sited at least temporarily.
I was explained this by a NASA manager of grant money. I sat next to him on a airplane a few years back. He was returning from a visit to Dartmouth College where they were conducting that research.
The biggest problem with extended space travel is the radiation exposure and effects of zero gravity to the human body. It is the main reason why we have not sent people to Mars.