a fascinating double-reference securely on both targets🎯 a fascinating double-reference securely on both targets🎯:^) It’s nice to be appreciated in my own time.
The Big Old Mo outlawed the previous (and longstanding) systems of writing in use in Arabia and other muzzie-occupied places. Nabataean was in use in Petra and those kinds of monuments are found in their former territories, which inchlded a swath of Arabia.
Our number system originated in India, wound up passing through Arab intermediaries and into European use via muzzie-occupied Spain where the system we now use was developed. It looks a good deal different from what was and is in use in other Arab/muzzie societies, although it will probably prevail as it is in use throughout the world.
BTW, the abacus was invented by Mesopotamians and Romans, not by the Chinese, who nevertheless developed it to more or less its current form during the Middle Ages. It was in continuous use in commerce right on through ‘Dark Age’ and medieval Europe.