I could be algae gas if beside an area where it’s blooming. That stuff is deadly.
If there were a pond or lake emitting CO2 or some other non-stinking inert gas it could displace the air and they'd have just walked into it and a couple minutes later collapsed, just like an enclosed space death.
My guess. The algae produce toxins and could have been upstream from where the dog and them drank. It was a hot day.