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The (Nuremberg) Kodex is considered by some to be the most important document in the history of clinical research ethics, which had a massive influence on global human rights. In America, the Kodex and the related Declaration of Helsinki form the basis for the Code of Federal Regulations Title 45 Part 46,[16][17] which are the regulations issued by the United States Department of Health and Human Services for the ethical treatment of human subjects, and are used in Institutional Review Boards (IRBs). In 1966, the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights was adopted by the United Nations, and supposed to be in force by 23 March 1976. Article seven prohibits experiments conducted without the “free consent to medical or scientific experimentation” of the subject.[14] The Covenant has 173 states parties as of September 2019.
In his 2014 review, Gaw observes that the Kodex “not only entered the legal landscape, but also became the prototype for all future codes of ethical practice across the globe.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuremberg_Code#Importance
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