It is proposed that Cold fusion can occur in metal by D+ hopping to T sites with D– on the metal surface.
In this mechanism, D+ hopping is assisted by the Coulomb attractive force between D+ and D–, suggesting that control of the positive surface potential of the metal is important.
D2 thus formed at surface T site is compressed by T-site atoms due to the size difference between D2 and the original T-site volume. Compression of the D2 covalent bonds creates a small D2 atom with Electron Deep Orbit (EDO) at a radius of a few femtometers, which is small enough to completely shield the Coulomb repulsive force between d-d and thus leads to the fusion.
Hydrogen with DEO is verified by the experimental data of “high compressibility of hydrogen” and soft x-ray spectra which roughly matched the theoretical value of EDO.
Because the current Cold fusion reactors are based on Fleischmann and Pons Effect (FPE), they have serious issues originating from voltage conditions of D absorption under the electrolysis condition which has the negative metal surface potential although the real Cold fusion needs the positive metal surface potential.
Thus, it is very difficult to trigger fusion due to the voltage condition mismatch.
Therefore, FPE needs a very high temperature by a strong local resistive heating of Pd Rod caused by the insulating film growth on fragments of Pd surface during D charging.
The inhomogeneous insulating film growth is caused by very high electric field and by its variation caused by the Pt wire anode cage. Thus, I propose the novel Cold fusion reactor based on the real Cold fusion mechanism, with the proper metal surface potential control for D absorption and for Cold Fusion separately with very high surface potential uniformity, which fixes the most of the issues of reactors based on FPE.
D supply from the backside of the reaction surface can eject 4He at the surface T site, resulting in high excess heat generation. Because the total excess heat generation is determined by the D supply speed to the reaction surface of metal, D supply from the backside of metal is also needed to maximize the D supply speed, and Thus Ni-D layer deposition under the reaction surface is promising to have the larger excess heat generation because it has huge amount of D at the very close location to the reaction surface, like FPE.
for the cold fusion ping list
We were just talking about this yesterday at the Monster Truck rally.
Proof is in the pudding. Let’s see a prototype of any kind that actually outputs more energy than went in. We can go from there.